舌唇鱼
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Lobocheilos melanotaenia |
| 别名 | 舌唇魚、Tylognathus melanotaenia、Tylognathus quadrilineatus、Tylognathus davisi、Tylognathus fowleri、Lobocheilus nigrovittatus |
| 分类 | 鲤形目 Cypriniformes › 鲤科 Cyprinidae › Lobocheilos |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 柬埔寨、老挝、泰国、越南 |
| 成体体长 | 20 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 648 L |
| 最小缸长 | 180 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 水流偏好 | 高 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish lobocheilos-melanotaenia;fishbase 27157 |
| 食性 | 杂食 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–26 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–12 | — | dGH |
概述
舌唇鱼（Lobocheilos melanotaenia）是啃食硬表面附着生物的流水鱼，体形较深、口相对较窄，背鳍中间有深色区。它需要成群与大空间，但投喂时可能护食追逐。
分布与栖息地
分布于湄公河、越南同奈河及泰国昭披耶河、湄功河。既见于大河季节性迁移群体，也见于较窄溪流，通常底部多石，水流中等至较快。
饲养环境
以圆滑石块、沙砾、大石与沉木模拟溪流，水草可选固定在硬景上的耐受种。水体须清洁富氧，循环量可争取每小时超过缸水量 10 倍，必要时补充造流和气石。明亮区域有助于养出供啃食的生物膜。
食性与喂食
刮食石面上的附着生物、底栖藻及其他小生物，吃过的地方可能留下刮痕。它不是只吃植物的鱼，需喂红虫、丰年虾、碎虾肉等动物性食物，并搭配含足量植物成分的下沉干粮。
习性与混养
喂食时尤其可能驱赶靠近的鱼，慢游或长鳍伙伴较不合适，活跃而温和的鱼更能避让。同种容忍度有限，狭小缸更易出问题；自然为松散群体，群养必须有足够空间，而不是简单增加数量。
雌雄区分
成熟雌鱼更厚实，雄鱼头吻部追星更广泛。
繁殖
野外有季节性繁殖迁移，会从湄公河下游和洞里萨水系向老挝中游地区移动；缸内繁殖尚无记录。
补充说明
与条纹准舌唇鱼（Lobocheilos rhabdoura）相比，本种体形较高、口较窄，吻部小突起较小，背鳍深色区也有辨识价值。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A relatively deep body, narrow mouth and dark area within the dorsal fin distinguish Lobocheilos melanotaenia. This surface grazer needs a substantial river aquarium, with social keeping balanced against feeding-related aggression.
Distribution & habitat
The range includes the Mekong, Dong Nai and major central or western Thai systems. It participates in large seasonal migrations but also occupies much smaller rocky streams with moderate or strong current.
Aquarium setup
Build with rounded mineral surfaces and limited woodwork, adding tough attached plants if desired. Strong oxygenation and circulation are important, with turnover above ten tank volumes hourly suggested. Light some surfaces well to support grazing growth.
Diet & feeding
Browsing can leave visible scrape marks on hard surfaces. Provide sinking plant-rich food together with animal items such as bloodworms, brine shrimp or chopped shrimp. An algae-only menu does not reflect its mixed feeding.
Behaviour & compatibility
Food can trigger pursuit of nearby fishes. Active peaceful companions are better candidates than slow or long-finned species. Conspecific tolerance is limited in cramped conditions, so a group requires genuinely adequate room.
Sexual dimorphism
Mature females are deeper-bodied; males develop more extensive head and snout tubercles.
Breeding
Seasonal spawning movements take fish from the lower Mekong and Tonle Sap toward the middle basin in Laos. Aquarium reproduction has not been reported.
Notes
Compared with Lobocheilos rhabdoura, this fish has a deeper profile, narrower mouth and smaller snout tubercles; dorsal pigmentation offers another clue.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/lobocheilos-melanotaenia(抓取于 2026-10-10)
lobocheilos-melanotaenia · 文件: data/species/lobocheilos-melanotaenia.md · 状态: 草稿