黑叶穗唇魮
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Crossocheilus nigriloba |
| 别名 | 黑葉穗唇魮、Crossochilus oblongus var. nigriloba |
| 分类 | 鲤形目 Cypriniformes › 鲤科 Cyprinidae › Crossocheilus |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 印度尼西亚 |
| 成体体长 | 15 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 304 L |
| 最小缸长 | 150 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 水流偏好 | 高 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish crossocheilus-nigriloba;fishbase 17380 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–26 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 1–12 | — | dGH |
概述
黑叶穗唇魮（Crossocheilus nigriloba）的尾鳍下叶带黑色并透红，体侧黑条在争斗、紧张或睡眠时会断成斑块。这些变化是辨识线索，不能只凭一时的条纹状态判断是不是同一种鱼。
分布与栖息地
为婆罗洲特有种，确定记录在印度尼西亚加里曼丹的卡普阿斯、贝拉扬与马哈坎河等流域。中部、南部其他河系的出现仍属推测。该属典型环境为清澈流水，石砾与浸水根木表面长有生物膜，季节变化时可能进入深而浑的水段。
饲养环境
建议溪流式布局，用石块、砾石和沉木组成啃食面、缝隙与阴影区。水流和供氧要充足，过滤成熟并勤于清理积污。较亮光照可促进藻类生长，植物则选择能固定在硬景上的耐受种类。
食性与喂食
天然摄食附着藻、硅藻与伴生微生物。含藻干粮配新鲜蔬菜更合适，可用去壳豌豆、烫软西葫芦及菠菜，避免长期高蛋白投喂。市售暹罗食藻鱼包含多个物种，吃黑毛藻的程度会有差别，不能把别种的表现当成本种保证。
习性与混养
总体温和，宜配合同样适应流水环境的鱼。至少 6 条同养较合适；群体会形成等级，小群中弱鱼可能一直被追，单养或数量太少也容易胆怯。
雌雄区分
成熟雌鱼较厚实，幼鱼不易从外观准确分性别。
繁殖
爱好者缸内繁殖和本种商业繁殖均未确认。近缘种有激素催产养殖，但不能据此推定本种也已量产；野外季节性迁移是该属繁殖背景的一部分。
补充说明
商品分类常与其他穗唇魮混杂，尾鳍下叶色块与会断裂的侧条比泛用商品名更有参考价值。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
The dark, red-suffused lower tail lobe is a useful clue to Crossocheilus nigriloba. Its side stripe can fragment into blotches during sleep, stress or sparring. Pattern changes therefore need to be interpreted in context rather than as a different species appearing in the aquarium.
Distribution & habitat
Confirmed localities lie in Indonesian Borneo, including the Kapuas, Belayan and Mahakam systems. Other Kalimantan drainages have been suggested without firm details. Rocky flowing waters with biofilm-covered submerged surfaces characterize the genus, with possible seasonal use of deeper turbid reaches.
Aquarium setup
Provide stones and wood with both illuminated grazing areas and sheltered gaps. Strong oxygen availability, circulation and effective filtration matter more than decorative complexity. Hardy attached plants can be included, while adequate light helps maintain surface growth for browsing.
Diet & feeding
Feed an algae-rich prepared staple and fresh vegetable supplements. Sustained high-protein feeding is unsuitable for this grazing type. Although several fishes sold under shared algae-eater names browse black-brush algae, efficiency varies and should not be inferred from a trade label alone.
Behaviour & compatibility
Maintain six or more when space allows a proper group. A hierarchy develops, and low numbers can expose the weakest individual to persistent attention. Its generally peaceful disposition makes compatible river fishes possible companions, provided their needs and adult sizes match.
Sexual dimorphism
Females are usually heavier-bodied once mature. Young fish cannot be sexed dependably from external appearance.
Breeding
Neither hobby spawning nor commercial production of this species is established. Hormonal breeding of relatives does not demonstrate that it is farmed as well. Seasonal reproductive migration is known in the genus, without providing a validated home method.
Notes
Shared commercial names create substantial confusion. The lower tail pattern and temporary fragmentation of the flank stripe are more informative than a generic algae-eater label.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/crossocheilus-nigriloba(抓取于 2026-10-10)
crossocheilus-nigriloba · 文件: data/species/crossocheilus-nigriloba.md · 状态: 草稿