射水鱼 · Banded Archerfish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Toxotes jaculatrix |
| 别名 | 射水魚 |
| 分类 | 射水鱼科 Toxotidae › Toxotes |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 30 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 432 L |
| 最小缸长 | 120 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish toxotes-jaculatrix;fishbase 8229 |
| 原产地 | 印度、缅甸、泰国、中国、琉球群岛、马来西亚、菲律宾、密克罗尼西亚、帕劳、印度尼西亚、所罗门群岛、巴布亚新几内亚、瓦努阿图、澳大利亚北部 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 25–30 | — | °C |
| pH | 7–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 20–30 | — | dGH |
概述
射水鱼（Toxotes jaculatrix）能瞄准水面上方的昆虫并喷水击落，是水族贸易中较常见的射水鱼。虽然可在部分淡水环境出现，主要栖地是红树林与河口，布置应优先按咸淡水环境考虑。
分布与栖息地
分布广，从印度经东南亚、中国和琉球群岛，延至西太平洋岛屿及澳大利亚北部。自然环境包括河流、湖塘，也包括更典型的咸淡水红树林和河口，偏好浓密岸边植被与悬垂枝叶下的阴影。
饲养环境
成年空间至少参考 120 × 60 × 60 厘米，避免强水流。可用常规咸淡水缸配耐盐植物及枝根，也可用高缸做水陆环境，在水面上方留植物区域，以观察射水捕虫。照明按植物需要调整，水陆布置并不意味着改用纯淡水。
食性与喂食
主要取食水生及陆生无脊椎，野外偶尔也捕食小鱼。水陆缸可在上部植物放适口蟋蟀或果蝇，让鱼表现喷水取食；日常也能用浮性薄片、颗粒、红虫和丰年虾等冷冻饵。愿意吃人工食物不代表小型伙伴不会被吃。
习性与混养
性情总体温和，但同种可能出现攻击，四五尾的群体有助分散争斗，缸体仍须足够。与适应相同咸淡水环境、体形大到不易被吞食的温和鱼混养更合适。
繁殖
被认为会迁往全海水环境繁殖，但这仍是推测，不能直接当作已验证的加盐诱产程序。水族箱内完整繁殖尚未有记录。
补充说明
射水捕食是这类鱼的特化方式，水面上方植物能让观察更自然。不要仅依据幼鱼可短期生活在淡水的说法，就忽略长期咸淡水布置。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
The commonly traded archerfish Toxotes jaculatrix shoots insects from vegetation above the water. Freshwater occurrences do not change its principal association with mangroves and estuaries. Brackish housing is the recommended starting point.
Distribution & habitat
Its wide range runs from India across Southeast Asia, China, and the Ryukyus to western Pacific islands and northern Australia. Rivers and standing freshwater occur among the records, but brackish estuaries and mangroves are typical. Dense shaded margins and overhanging plants provide useful habitat.
Aquarium setup
Provide adult housing around 120 by 60 by 60 cm with restrained flow. A conventional brackish tank can use roots and salt-tolerant plants, while a tall paludarium leaves planted space above the water for insect shooting. Set lighting to plant needs and retain suitable brackish water in either arrangement.
Diet & feeding
Wild feeding is mostly on aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, with occasional small fish. Crickets or fruit flies among upper plants can stimulate shooting, while floating prepared foods and frozen bloodworms or Artemia provide practical alternatives. Prepared-food acceptance does not remove the risk to tiny tankmates.
Behaviour & compatibility
Generally placid, it can still show conspecific aggression. Groups of four or five help disperse disputes when given sufficient room. Choose peaceful brackish-water companions of a size unlikely to be swallowed.
Breeding
Migration into full seawater for breeding is believed to occur, but this is not an established aquarium salinity-induction protocol. Captive reproduction remains unrecorded.
Notes
Overhanging planting helps display its specialized feeding behavior naturally. Reports of juveniles living in freshwater should not replace planning for the recommended brackish setup.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/toxotes-jaculatrix(抓取于 2026-10-10)
toxotes-jaculatrix · 文件: data/species/toxotes-jaculatrix.md · 状态: 草稿