查达射水鱼 · Largescale Archerfish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Toxotes chatareus |
| 别名 | 查達射水魚 |
| 分类 | 射水鱼科 Toxotidae › Toxotes |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 40 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 432 L |
| 最小缸长 | 120 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish toxotes-chatareus;fishbase 8079 |
| 原产地 | 巴基斯坦、印度、孟加拉国、斯里兰卡、缅甸、泰国、越南、老挝、柬埔寨、马来西亚、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、巴布亚新几内亚、澳大利亚北部 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
| 繁殖方式 | 产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 25–30 | — | °C |
| pH | 7–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 20–30 | — | dGH |
概述
查达射水鱼（Toxotes chatareus）能用口中喷出的水柱击落悬垂植物上的昆虫，是体型较大的射水鱼。虽然在淡水也有记录，主要生活环境仍是河口、红树林等咸淡水区，长期布置以咸淡水方案更合适。
分布与栖息地
记录范围从巴基斯坦、印度和斯里兰卡，经东南亚大陆与岛屿，直到巴布亚新几内亚及澳大利亚北部。除主要咸淡水栖地外，也见于河流、溪流、湖泊和池塘，常停留在岸边植被茂密或枝叶悬垂的阴暗处。
饲养环境
成年空间至少参考 120 × 60 × 60 厘米，水流缓和。可以采用常规咸淡水缸，放红树林根状装饰和耐盐植物；也可用高缸做水陆布置，下部水体、上部留植物与陆地区域，让水面上方有自然取食位置。照明按植物安排，水陆缸同样应使用合适咸淡水条件。
食性与喂食
野外主要吃陆生和水生无脊椎动物，也吃小鱼。水陆缸中可让适口蟋蟀或果蝇进入上部植物区域，鱼会尝试用水柱将其击落。也接受浮性薄片、颗粒以及红虫、丰年虾等冷冻饵，不必只靠射落活虫才能喂养。
习性与混养
总体较温和，但小型鱼有被吃掉的风险。同种间可能争斗，四五尾群体有助减轻这类问题，仍需配足相应空间。伙伴可选体型合适、适应相同咸淡水条件的温和鱼。
繁殖
野外已有淡水中繁殖记录，产卵数量可达数万粒，但人工水族箱繁殖尚未记录。不能由淡水产卵记录推断长期日常饲养也应固定用纯淡水。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Known for knocking insects from vegetation with water jets, Toxotes chatareus is a relatively large archerfish. Freshwater records do exist, but estuaries and mangroves are its principal habitats. A brackish arrangement is recommended for long-term care.
Distribution & habitat
Records extend from Pakistan and the Indian region across mainland and island Southeast Asia to Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. In addition to its main brackish habitats, it occurs in rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds. Shaded margins with dense or overhanging vegetation are favored.
Aquarium setup
Suggested adult dimensions are 120 by 60 by 60 cm, with gentle flow. One option is a conventional brackish aquarium with mangrove-style roots and salt-tolerant plants. A tall paludarium with water below and vegetation above can encourage natural feeding behavior. Match lighting to the plants and maintain the same appropriate brackish conditions.
Diet & feeding
Terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates dominate natural feeding, with small fish also taken. In a paludarium, suitable crickets or fruit flies on upper vegetation can elicit shooting behavior. Floating flakes or pellets and frozen bloodworms or Artemia are also accepted, so feeding need not depend entirely on live insects.
Behaviour & compatibility
It is generally peaceful, but small fish remain potential prey. Groups of four or five can reduce conspecific aggression when housed with adequate room. Select suitably sized companions comfortable in the same brackish conditions.
Breeding
Wild freshwater spawning has been documented, with egg numbers reaching tens of thousands, while aquarium breeding is unrecorded. That reproductive observation does not establish freshwater as the preferred routine aquarium environment.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/toxotes-chatareus(抓取于 2026-10-10)
toxotes-chatareus · 文件: data/species/toxotes-chatareus.md · 状态: 草稿