圆点油鲶
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Synodontis schall |
| 别名 | 冈比亚歧须鮠、沙尔歧须鮠、圓點油鯰、岡比亞歧鬚鮠、沙爾歧鬚鮠 |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 倒立鲶科 Mochokidae › Synodontis |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 37.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 432 L |
| 最小缸长 | 120 cm |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish synodontis-schall;fishbase 2458 |
| 原产地 | 尼日利亚、埃及、喀麦隆、加纳、肯尼亚、尼日尔、利比里亚、塞拉利昂、苏丹、贝宁、科特迪瓦、几内亚、乍得、多哥、几内亚比绍、塞内加尔、埃塞俄比亚 |
| 性情 | 攻击性 |
| 繁殖方式 | 散卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 22–27 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 5–30 | — | dGH |
概述
圆点油鲶（Synodontis schall）体形大、抢食积极，性情也不稳定，不适合普通社区缸。它会吃小鱼，某些个体还会攻击进入其活动空间的其他鱼，不能只看幼鱼暂时相安无事就认定日后安全。
分布与栖息地
分布广，从西非到尼罗河地区及东非均有记录，包括尼日利亚、埃及、喀麦隆、加纳、肯尼亚、苏丹和埃塞俄比亚等国。在部分原生地区也是重要食用鱼。
饲养环境
可参考 120 × 60 × 60 厘米的大空间。柔软底床配石块、沉木和扭曲根枝形成藏身处，浮水植物减弱照明。其他水草有益但非必需，布局要兼顾庇护和大鱼穿行空间。
食性与喂食
食量大且不太挑食，活饵、冷冻饵和干粮都接受，也喜欢去皮豌豆、黄瓜等植物材料，会用下颌牙齿刮食。食物应多样，但给足饵料不能消除捕食小鱼的风险。
习性与混养
只宜考虑能保护自己的大型强健伙伴，如体形相称的慈鲷、大型脂鲤或鲤科鱼及异型鲶。个体差异很大，有些能相处，有些会频繁争斗。让它最后入混养缸可能减少攻击风险，但仍需观察实际互动。
雌雄区分
成熟雌鱼比雄鱼丰满。生殖乳突可用于进一步辨别，但尖锐背鳍棘使抓握检查有风险，不宜仅为分性随意操作。
繁殖
原生地的池塘和灌溉渠已有繁殖，野外则在季节性淹水、微生物丰富区域散卵，无亲鱼护育。这些记录不等同于已有稳定的家庭水族箱繁殖流程。
补充说明
它可能与其他大型歧须鮠混淆，较长脂鳍是辨认线索之一。购买时应按成鱼体形和强势行为规划，不能仅看花纹。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Large, forceful at feeding time, and unpredictable in temperament, Synodontis schall is unsuitable for a routine community. It eats smaller fishes, and some individuals challenge nearly anything entering their space. Peaceful behavior while young does not guarantee future compatibility.
Distribution & habitat
Its broad African distribution includes West African countries, the Nile region, and parts of East Africa. Nigeria, Egypt, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Sudan, and Ethiopia are among the recorded countries. It is also an important food fish in some native areas.
Aquarium setup
A 120 by 60 by 60 cm aquarium is the stated reference. Arrange rocks, wood, and roots over soft substrate, balancing secure retreats with room for a large fish to move. Floating plants soften the lighting; additional planting is optional.
Diet & feeding
It feeds voraciously on live, frozen, and prepared foods and also enjoys vegetable matter such as shelled peas or cucumber. A varied diet is appropriate, but feeding it well does not remove the danger to smaller fishes.
Behaviour & compatibility
Only robust, suitably sized tankmates are candidates. Large cichlids, characins, barbs, or loricariids may cope, but individual behavior varies widely. Introducing this catfish last may reduce aggression, yet compatibility still depends on observing the actual fish.
Sexual dimorphism
Mature females are fuller-bodied. Genital inspection can provide further clues, but sharp dorsal spines make handling-based checks unsuitable for casual sexing.
Breeding
Breeding occurs in ponds and irrigation canals in its native range. Wild fish scatter eggs in seasonally flooded, microorganism-rich areas without parental care. That does not establish a reliable home-aquarium protocol.
Notes
Similar large Synodontis can be confused with it; a long adipose fin is one identification clue. Plan around adult size and forceful behavior rather than markings alone.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/synodontis-schall(抓取于 2026-10-10)
synodontis-schall · 文件: data/species/synodontis-schall.md · 状态: 草稿