纹鳍歧须鮠 · False Upside-down Catfish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Synodontis nigrita |
| 别名 | 近黑歧须鮠、紋鰭歧鬚鮠、近黑歧鬚鮠 |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 倒立鲶科 Mochokidae › Synodontis |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 17.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 81 L |
| 最小缸长 | 90 cm |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish synodontis-nigrita;fishbase 9598 |
| 原产地 | 埃及、尼日利亚、马里、塞内加尔、几内亚比绍、加纳、喀麦隆、苏丹、尼日尔、乍得、冈比亚 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 繁殖方式 | 散卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 21–28 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 3–20 | — | dGH |
概述
纹鳍歧须鮠（Synodontis nigrita）在非洲分布广，常被误当作较小型的倒游鲶鱼出售。它虽然会倒置休息，却没有黑腹歧须鮠（Synodontis nigriventris）那样频繁地倒游，成鱼也大得多，不能按小型鱼购买后再临时解决空间。
分布与栖息地
记录来自埃及、尼日利亚、马里、塞内加尔、几内亚比绍、加纳、喀麦隆、苏丹、尼日尔、乍得和冈比亚。通常生活在回水区、小水潭及池塘。
饲养环境
柔软底砂配合石块、沉木与树根，形成多个遮蔽处。照明偏暗，可用浮水植物柔化光线；其他水草有帮助，但并非必需。多尾共养时应让每尾都有自己的退避空间。
食性与喂食
可按歧须鮠属的人工饲喂方式搭配活饵、冷冻饵料和干饲料，并提供去皮豌豆、黄瓜等植物性食物。它能用下颌牙齿刮取这些食物。
习性与混养
不要混养小到会被吞食的鱼。体形合适的非洲脂鲤、结实慈鲷、象鼻鱼、刀鱼、丝足鱼及较大型鲃类可作为候选。成年后会出现轻度领地行为，主要针对其他歧须鮠；通常弱于一些更强势的同属鱼，空间充足且各有藏身处时可尝试小群。其成体尺寸使它不适合普通小型综合缸。
雌雄区分
成熟雌鱼通常比雄鱼丰满。雄鱼生殖乳突尖长、有棱，雌鱼较圆；利用这一特征需要有经验的检查，避免被尖鳍棘刺伤。
繁殖
有人工繁殖记录，但自然产卵与养殖场激素诱导各占多少并不清楚。野外会在微生物丰富的季节性淹水区散卵，亲鱼不护卵育幼。
补充说明
购鱼时不要只凭“倒游鲶”的销售名判断尺寸和习性。幼鱼与多种歧须鮠相似，灰色底色可作为辨认线索之一，但不能单靠是否倒置游泳来确定身份。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Widespread African Synodontis nigrita is frequently confused in trade with a smaller upside-down catfish. It sometimes rests inverted but swims this way less frequently than Synodontis nigriventris and reaches a much greater adult size. Identification before purchase is therefore important for planning adequate housing.
Distribution & habitat
Records span Egypt, Nigeria, Mali, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Ghana, Cameroon, Sudan, Niger, Chad, and Gambia. Typical environments include backwaters, small pools, and ponds.
Aquarium setup
Combine soft substrate with shaded retreats made from rocks, wood, and roots. Floating plants help diffuse subdued lighting; additional vegetation is useful but optional. When several fish share an aquarium, provide a separate refuge for each.
Diet & feeding
Use the varied captive foods recommended for squeakers, including live and frozen prey, dry foods, and plant items such as shelled peas or cucumber. The lower-jaw teeth allow plant foods to be scraped.
Behaviour & compatibility
Small fishes that could be swallowed are unsuitable. Potential companions include appropriately sized African tetras, robust cichlids, mormyrids, knifefishes, gouramis, and larger barbs or rasboras. Mild territorial behavior increases with maturity, especially toward other squeakers. It is usually less intense than in some more aggressive relatives, so a small group may work with ample space and individual shelters. Adult size limits its suitability for an ordinary small community.
Sexual dimorphism
Adult females are generally fuller-bodied. Male genital papillae are elongated, pointed, and ridged, whereas those of females are rounder. Examination requires experienced handling because of the sharp fin spines.
Breeding
Captive reproduction has occurred, but the relative roles of spontaneous spawning and hormone induction on farms are unclear. Wild fish scatter eggs in seasonally inundated areas rich in microorganisms and do not guard the eggs or fry.
Notes
An upside-down catfish sales label does not establish either identity or eventual size. Juveniles resemble several related species. A grayish background color can contribute to identification, but inverted posture alone is not diagnostic.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/synodontis-nigrita(抓取于 2026-10-10)
synodontis-nigrita · 文件: data/species/synodontis-nigrita.md · 状态: 草稿