迈氏珠鮰
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Simpsonichthys myersi |
| 别名 | 邁氏珠鮰、Cynolebias myersi、Nematolebias myersi |
| 分类 | 鳉形目 Cyprinodontiformes › 溪鳉科 Rivulidae › Simpsonichthys |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 巴西 |
| 成体体长 | 4 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 41 L |
| 最小缸长 | 45 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 特征 | 会跳缸: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish simpsonichthys-myersi;fishbase 49526 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 繁殖方式 | 附着产卵 |
| 寿命 | 0.5–1.3333333333333333 年 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–27 | — | °C |
| pH | 5.5–7 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 1–5 | — | dGH |
概述
迈氏珠鮰（Simpsonichthys myersi）是一年生鳉鱼，天然池塘干涸时成鱼死亡，耐旱的卵留在底床中休眠，等待雨季恢复。它的繁殖节律不同于常年水体里的鱼，典型水族箱寿命约 6–16 个月，饲养计划应同时考虑卵的保存。
分布与栖息地
分布在巴西东部沿海平原的小水系，范围介于巴伊亚州南部茹库鲁苏河与圣埃斯皮里图州多西河之间；部分南端记录可能涉及近亲。栖地是雨水补给的浅洼、池塘和沼泽，每年通常有几个月完全干涸。
饲养环境
即使一对长期饲养也至少参考 45 × 30 厘米底面。深色底部配浮水植物可让弱势个体躲避，另放装有产卵材料的浅容器。气动海绵过滤足以提供温和过滤，缸盖必须贴合，防止跳出。
食性与喂食
天然为小型捕食者，水蚤、丰年虾、白线虫、蚊幼虫等小型活饵或冷冻饵应作为基础。成鱼不要过量摄入高蛋白或高脂食物，食物大小与投喂量都需适合个体。
习性与混养
适合单种饲养，每尾雄鱼至少配两三尾雌鱼，以分散追逐压力，同时确保雌鱼有遮蔽可退避。
雌雄区分
雄鱼略大，成熟后背鳍与臀鳍都有丝状延长，体侧深红至深褐横带配黄褐或绿蓝底色。雌鱼臀鳍后缘只有较短丝状鳍条，底色偏浅褐，深色横带间还可见前侧较大黑斑及尾柄后缘小斑。
繁殖
卵产入柔软底物，可用浅盒装椰纤维或泥炭。天然受精卵靠较厚外层耐旱，在底床中休眠数月，雨水恢复才孵化；条件有利时，仔鱼三四周就可能达到性成熟。
人工保存卵可参考 21.1–25 °C、2–4 个月后再浸水孵化。天然旱季与人工保存时间并非同一个固定数值，不要把休眠卵当作需要全程泡水的普通鱼卵。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
An annual killifish, Simpsonichthys myersi survives seasonal drought through dormant eggs rather than the adults. Typical aquarium lifespan is about 6–16 months. Maintaining the fish therefore involves planning for egg storage as well as adult care.
Distribution & habitat
It occurs in small coastal basins of eastern Brazil between the Jucuruçu and Doce systems, with some southern records potentially involving a close relative. Rain-fed depressions, pools, and swamps dry completely for several months each year.
Aquarium setup
Use at least a 45 by 30 cm footprint even for a pair outside temporary spawning isolation. A dark base and floating cover provide refuge for subordinate fish. Include a shallow container of spawning medium; gentle sponge filtration is sufficient. Fit the lid closely against jumping.
Diet & feeding
Small animal prey forms the natural diet. Use suitably sized live or frozen daphnia, Artemia, whiteworms, or mosquito larvae as the main foods. Avoid excessive rich or fatty feeding of adults.
Behaviour & compatibility
Maintain a species group with at least two or three females per male to spread aggression, together with cover that females can use to retreat.
Sexual dimorphism
Males are slightly larger and develop extended dorsal- and anal-fin filaments, with dark red-brown bars over yellow-brown to green-blue color. Females have shorter anal filaments, a paler barred body, and dark spots on the front flank and rear tail base.
Breeding
Eggs are placed in soft material, such as coconut fiber or peat held in a shallow container. Thickened outer layers protect wild eggs during months of dormancy until rain returns. Favorable conditions can bring young fish to maturity in three or four weeks.
For captive incubation, the suggested storage conditions are 21.1–25 °C for two to four months before wetting. This storage period is not identical to every natural dry season, and dormant eggs are not managed like continuously submerged eggs.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/simpsonichthys-myersi(抓取于 2026-10-10)
simpsonichthys-myersi · 文件: data/species/simpsonichthys-myersi.md · 状态: 草稿