圆斑南鳅
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Schistura spilota |
| 别名 | 圓斑南鰍、Nemacheilus spilotus |
| 分类 | 鲤形目 Cypriniformes › 条鳅科 Nemacheilidae › Schistura |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 泰国 |
| 成体体长 | 10 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 108 L |
| 最小缸长 | 120 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 水流偏好 | 高 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish schistura-spilota;fishbase 26902 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–26 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–12 | — | dGH |
概述
圆斑南鳅（Schistura spilota）体侧横纹常连成圆斑状，尾鳍带红并有两列暗点。它性情强势、会护卫藏身处，适合有充分石缝与遮挡的溪流缸，不是随意加入温和混养缸的鳅。
分布与栖息地
已知仅来自泰国北部清迈府湄南河支流宾河上游的若干支流。生活于林荫下清澈、高氧溪流的浅滩和流动河段，底部多粗沙、砾石、岩块，通常无水草。
饲养环境
小群也需至少约 120 × 30 厘米底面积。不同大小石块、沙砾及沉木形成多处洞隙并切断视线，让每尾能选择藏身位置。可在硬景上附生耐流耐阴植物。无需制造全缸激流，但要保持高溶氧和一定水流，每周换约 30%～50%，避免有机污染积累。
食性与喂食
南鳅属通常被描述为杂食而偏重小型动物，本种喂养也可据此安排多样食谱。适口干粮可喂，但每天仍应搭配水蚤、丰年虾、红虫等小型活冷冻饵；有时会冲起抢取水流中的食物。
习性与混养
避开慢游、长鳍及很温顺的底层鱼，也尽量不与外形相近的鳅混养。较适合伙伴是同样适应溪流的开阔水域小鱼及部分耐流底栖鱼。可以群养，但并非依赖紧密群体；小缸或遮蔽不足时争斗会明显加重。
雌雄区分
雌鱼可能略厚实，抱卵时更明显。部分同属雄鱼颊部膨大，但不宜把这一属内现象当成本种可靠的单独分性标准。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Rounded flank blotches and a reddish tail with two dark spot rows characterize Schistura spilota. It defends favored shelter and can be feisty, making a structured stream aquarium more appropriate than an indiscriminate community arrangement.
Distribution & habitat
It is known from tributaries of the upper Ping basin in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. Clear, oxygenated headwater streams and riffles run over coarse sand, gravel, and boulders, often shaded by forest and without aquatic plants.
Aquarium setup
Even a small group needs roughly a 120 by 30 cm footprint. Build a network of crevices and interrupted sightlines with varied stones, gravel, sand, and wood. Hardy attached plants can be used. Torrent-like flow is unnecessary, but oxygen and circulation must remain good. Treat weekly changes of about 30–50% as routine to prevent waste accumulation.
Diet & feeding
Schistura loaches are described as omnivores with a strong emphasis on small animal prey; this provides a general feeding framework here. Suitable prepared food can be included, but offer daily small live or frozen invertebrates as well. Fish may dart upward to seize particles carried by the current.
Behaviour & compatibility
Exclude slow long-finned fishes and placid bottom-dwellers, and be cautious with similarly shaped loaches. Open-water fishes from compatible stream habitats are better candidates, alongside selected current-loving bottom fishes. A group is possible with abundant structure, but it is not tightly social and conflict can escalate in cramped or bare tanks.
Sexual dimorphism
Females may be fuller-bodied, particularly when gravid. Enlarged male cheeks occur in some related loaches but should not be treated as a confirmed standalone sexing rule for this species.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/schistura-spilota(抓取于 2026-10-10)
schistura-spilota · 文件: data/species/schistura-spilota.md · 状态: 草稿