溪栉鰕虎鱼 · White-cheeked Goby
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Rhinogobius duospilus |
| 别名 | 溪吻鰕虎鱼、伍氏吻鰕虎鱼、溪櫛鰕虎魚、溪吻鰕虎魚、伍氏吻鰕虎魚、Ctenogobius duospilus、Ctenogobius whitleyi |
| 分类 | 虾虎鱼目 Gobiiformes › 虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae › Rhinogobius |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 中国香港及华南部分溪流水系，包括广东深圳 |
| 成体体长 | 5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 54 L |
| 最小缸长 | 60 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 水流偏好 | 高 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish rhinogobius-duospilus;fishbase 55204 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 游动层 | 底层 |
| 繁殖方式 | 附着产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 15–25 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.5 | — | — |
概述
溪栉鰕虎鱼（Rhinogobius duospilus）是香港及华南清澈山溪中的小型底栖虾虎鱼。成年鱼活动范围很小，依靠腹鳍形成的吸附结构停留在石面。雄鱼会守域，但并不适合长期缺少同类。
分布与栖息地
最初描述于香港新界山溪，广东深圳及其他华南地区也有记录。越南北部记录尚未确认，广西的一些同名记录需留意近似种混淆。
香港栖地常由浅滩与水潭相接，底部是石块和大石，水微酸、营养盐少、导电度低。不同溪流的种群可能存在明显遗传差异，不能只因地理相邻就视为完全一致。
饲养环境
小群底面积从约 60 × 30 cm 起步，以砂砾、圆石、枝木和陶管构建多个洞缝及阴影，打断直接视线。耐受植物可固定在硬景上。保持高溶氧和适当水流，不必持续激流；每周换水约三至五成，防止有机污物累积。
食性与喂食
野外以小型无脊椎动物为食。缸内宜用适口红虫、蚊幼虫、丰年虾、水蚤、糠虾等活饵或冷冻饵。驯养后可能接受干粮，但不宜经常用其替代这些食物。
习性与混养
以单种缸或搭配小型、温和、活动于上层的鱼较合适。淡水小虾可能被吃，不宜当作稳妥伙伴。其他吻鰕虎种也应避免混养，因为杂交可能性尚不明确。
雄鱼间有领域行为，充分遮蔽时严重损伤较少。建议至少两雄配同数或更多雌鱼，缺少同伴时可能显得迟钝、不活跃。
雌雄区分
成熟雄鱼更鲜艳，繁殖时尤为明显，通常也更大，背鳍、臀鳍等不成对鳍较长。
繁殖
整个生命周期在淡水完成，孵化后的幼鱼很快发育为幼年型，不需要海水阶段。卵产在石块下方或缝隙内，由雄鱼守护，可准备扁石、石板或陶管。
近似种组曾有水族繁殖经验，但身份混淆使这些记录不能可靠对应到本种，因此不宜把某一窝卵数或固定孵化天数当作本种标准。
补充说明
过去常与伍氏吻鰕虎鱼（Rhinogobius wui）混用名称，旧水族记录中的任一名字都可能实际涉及另一个种。香港不同溪流种群也并非完全一致，购买或繁殖时保留准确来源很有价值。
English
Overview
White-cheeked gobies (Rhinogobius duospilus) are small bottom-dwelling fishes of clear streams in Hong Kong and southern China. Adults move relatively little and use their pelvic disc to cling to rocks. Territorial males nevertheless appear to need companions of their own species.
Distribution & habitat
The species was described from hill streams in Hong Kong's New Territories and is recorded from Shenzhen and other parts of southern China. Northern Vietnamese records are unconfirmed, while some Guangxi records require caution because of confusion with similar species.
Hong Kong habitats combine riffles and pools over stones and boulders, often with slightly acidic, nutrient-poor, low-conductivity water. Populations in different streams can be genetically distinct despite their proximity.
Aquarium setup
Provide a small group a footprint around 60 × 30 cm or more. Use sand, gravel, rounded rocks, wood, and ceramic tubes to create shaded retreats and interrupted sight lines. Hardy attached plants can be included. Maintain high oxygen levels and some circulation without requiring a torrent. Weekly changes of roughly 30–50 percent help prevent organic waste buildup.
Diet & feeding
Wild fish eat small invertebrates. Offer suitably sized live or frozen foods such as bloodworms, mosquito larvae, brine shrimp, water fleas, and mysids. Dry food may be accepted after acclimation, but should not regularly replace these foods.
Behaviour & compatibility
A dedicated setup or small, peaceful upper-water companions is preferable. Freshwater shrimp may be eaten and are poor companions. Avoid other species of the genus because hybridization potential is unresolved.
Male disputes rarely cause serious injury with sufficient cover. Aim for at least two males and an equal or greater number of females; fish lacking appropriate company may become inactive.
Sexual dimorphism
Mature males are more colorful, particularly in breeding condition, and generally become larger with longer unpaired fins.
Breeding
The entire life cycle occurs in freshwater. Young develop rapidly into juveniles after hatching, without requiring a marine stage. Eggs are laid beneath stones or within crevices and guarded by males; flat rocks, slate, or ceramic pipes provide potential sites.
Aquarium breeding reports for the broader species group cannot always be assigned reliably because of identification problems. Fixed clutch sizes and incubation schedules should therefore not be assumed for this species.
Notes
The name has historically been confused with Rhinogobius wui. Older aquarium accounts under either name may concern the other fish. Differences among Hong Kong stream populations also make accurate origin records valuable.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/rhinogobius-duospilus(抓取于 2026-10-10)
rhinogobius-duospilus · 文件: data/species/rhinogobius-duospilus.md · 状态: 草稿