马氏蛰丽鱼
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Pungu maclareni |
| 别名 | 馬氏蟄麗魚 |
| 分类 | 慈鲷目 Cichliformes › 慈鲷科 Cichlidae › Pungu |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 10 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 68 L |
| 最小缸长 | 75 cm |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish pungu-maclareni;fishbase 6327 |
| 原产地 | 喀麦隆巴隆比姆博湖 |
| 繁殖方式 | 口孵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 28–30 | — | °C |
| pH | 7.5–8.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 4–12 | — | dGH |
概述
马氏蛰丽鱼（Pungu maclareni）只原生于喀麦隆一个小火山湖，以撕取淡水海绵为特色。其强大的颌部肌肉与小牙适应这种食物，狭窄的分布范围使栖地变化格外重要。
分布与栖息地
仅见于喀麦隆巴隆比姆博湖，湖直径约 4.8 千米，主要活动于沿岸浅水。
饲养环境
可参考约 75 × 30 × 30 厘米的缸，以沙底和形成洞穴的石堆提供遮蔽。水温较高，约 28～30 °C，水偏碱。以专缸繁殖为目标更便于照顾和观察。
食性与喂食
天然食物为淡水海绵。人工饲养有采用植物性食谱为主的建议，过多高蛋白食物可能引起内部问题；红虫、水蚤等活冷冻饵宜作为少量补充，而非主食。这个人工配餐建议并不意味着它天然只吃植物。
雌雄区分
雌雄都可呈黄黑配色，外观不容易分辨，应结合行为观察，不依赖单一颜色。
繁殖
已有人工繁殖成功的记录，由雌鱼口孵。
补充说明
湖泊取水、周边森林破坏、外来种与捕捞均可能威胁这一局限种群。对已有人工鱼进行有记录的繁殖与妥善分配后代，比单纯展示更有价值。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Freshwater sponges are a distinctive food of Pungu maclareni, a cichlid restricted to one small crater lake in Cameroon. Enlarged jaw muscles and small teeth help tear pieces from the sponge surface. Such a narrow range makes habitat change particularly consequential.
Distribution & habitat
It is endemic to Lake Barombi Mbo in Cameroon, a volcanic lake about 4.8 km across. The fish occupies shallow shoreline water.
Aquarium setup
A setup around 75 by 30 by 30 cm with sand and rock shelters is suggested. Maintain the warm conditions indicated for this fish, around 28–30 °C, with alkaline water. A species aquarium is preferable for a breeding-focused project.
Diet & feeding
Its natural sponge feeding should be distinguished from aquarium diet recommendations. A largely vegetable-based captive diet has been suggested, with concern that excessive high-protein food may cause internal problems. Small live or frozen items can be occasional supplements rather than the staple.
Sexual dimorphism
Both sexes can show yellow and black coloration, making external sexing difficult. Behavioral observation is more useful than a simple color rule.
Breeding
Captive reproduction has been achieved, with the female incubating the brood in her mouth.
Notes
Water extraction, surrounding deforestation, introduced species, and fishing threaten this highly localized population. Documented propagation of existing captive stock and responsible placement of offspring are useful priorities.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/pungu-maclareni(抓取于 2026-10-10)
pungu-maclareni · 文件: data/species/pungu-maclareni.md · 状态: 草稿