虎纹鸭嘴鲶 · Tiger Shovelnose
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum |
| 别名 | 虎紋鴨嘴鯰 |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 长须鲶科 Pimelodidae › Pseudoplatystoma |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 105 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish pseudoplatystoma-tigrinum;fishbase 8695 |
| 原产地 | 厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉、法属圭亚那、秘鲁、巴西 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 22–26 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.6 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 5–20 | — | dGH |
概述
虎纹鸭嘴鲶（Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum）是长成后需要巨型设施的捕食鲶，通常条纹较规整，但幼鱼及近似种容易混售。它能很快接近成年体形，可能活过二十年，长期安置应在购买前确认。
分布与栖息地
来自亚马孙和奥里诺科流域，记录涉及厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉、法属圭亚那、秘鲁及巴西。栖地跨度广，从急流到接近汽水的区域都有记录，不能因此推导常规加盐需要。
饲养环境
成体可参考 360 × 240 × 120 厘米，仍需充分活动空间。灯光柔和，成鱼布置可简洁；大型沉木、光滑石块需固定，幼鱼可利用根枝、洞穴和合口径管道。避免易吞或卡鳃的普通砾石，砂、大型圆卵石或裸底各有管理取舍。
巨大的高效生物过滤不可缺，底滤可把玻璃设备移出主缸以免被破坏。微酸水较适合，不能通过小缸限长来减少设施需求。
食性与喂食
天然以鱼为食，通常可适应虾、贝肉、蚯蚓和鱼肉等非活饵，保持轮换防偏食。幼鱼隔日喂，长大后减少至成鱼每周最多一餐，避免肥胖。不用牛心、禽肉或活饵鱼作常规饵料。
习性与混养
对不能吞下的伙伴可较温和，但许多普通“大鱼”仍不够大。对同种和其他大型同科鲶有领地性，多数设施只适合养一尾此类鱼。
雌雄区分
成年雌鱼可能较粗壮，外观仍难可靠分性。
繁殖
自然繁殖涉及长距离迁移，人工很难重现相应条件。
补充说明
与条纹鸭嘴鲶（Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum）常混用商品名；本种通常条纹更规整，但花纹可变，单凭此点不够。贸易中也有与招财猫鱼（Phractocephalus hemioliopterus）等大型鲶杂交的鱼，需另行核对身份。
English
Overview
A giant predatory catfish, Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum is often recognized by relatively orderly striping, though trade identification can be confusing. Rapid growth and a potential life well beyond twenty years demand adult-scale planning before a juvenile is purchased.
Distribution & habitat
It inhabits Amazon and Orinoco drainages, with records from Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Peru, and Brazil. Habitats range from rapids to nearly brackish settings; that breadth does not establish a need to salt the aquarium.
Aquarium setup
Adult housing is on the order of 360 by 240 by 120 cm with abundant open space. Keep light subdued and secure any substantial wood or smooth stones. Young fish benefit from shelters and suitable pipes. Avoid ordinary gravel that can be swallowed or caught in gills; sand, large pebbles, or a bare floor are more practical alternatives.
A very large biological filter is essential, and a sump keeps fragile equipment away from the fish. Slightly acidic water suits it. Restricting tank size is not a healthy way to limit growth.
Diet & feeding
Fish dominate the natural diet, but varied nonliving prawns, shellfish, earthworms, and fish pieces are usually accepted. Reduce feeding from alternate days in juveniles toward at most a weekly adult meal. Avoid overfeeding, mammalian or avian meats, and feeder fish.
Behaviour & compatibility
It may be peaceful with fish beyond swallowing size, although many common large aquarium species remain prey. Territoriality toward conspecifics and other large pimelodids usually limits a setup to one fish of this type.
Sexual dimorphism
Adult females may be stockier, but external sexing is unreliable.
Breeding
Natural spawning is linked to long migrations that are difficult to recreate in captivity.
Notes
It is often sold under the same name as Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum. More regular striping is a useful tendency, not a definitive test. Hybrids involving other large catfish also reach the trade, adding another reason to verify identity.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/pseudoplatystoma-tigrinum(抓取于 2026-10-10)
pseudoplatystoma-tigrinum · 文件: data/species/pseudoplatystoma-tigrinum.md · 状态: 草稿