琥珀柔丽鲷 · Deepwater Hap
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Placidochromis electra |
| 别名 | 琥珀柔麗鯛 |
| 分类 | 慈鲷目 Cichliformes › 慈鲷科 Cichlidae › Placidochromis |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 20 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 205 L |
| 最小缸长 | 120 cm |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish placidochromis-electra;fishbase 2147 |
| 原产地 | 马拉维湖 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 特征 | 翻底砂: 是 |
| 繁殖方式 | 口孵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 24–28 | — | °C |
| pH | 7.6–8.8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 10–25 | — | dGH |
概述
琥珀柔丽鲷（Placidochromis electra）是性情温和的马湖慈鲷，常在沙地上寻找被其他鱼翻出的食物。不适合强势岩栖鱼群，更适合与同样温和的马湖鱼共处。
分布与栖息地
马拉维湖特有，记录包括 Likoma 岛、Mara Point 及湖岸多个区域。通常在七米以下的水层、沙底上方活动；深水相关商品名不意味着它只分布于极深处。
饲养环境
细砂底很重要，用少量岩堆形成洞穴和遮蔽，同时保留开阔沙地。水草并非必需，通常不会被破坏。繁殖时雄鱼需要一块能够挖坑的开放区域。
食性与喂食
野外会跟随翻砂觅食的鱼，从扬起的沉积物附近摄取无脊椎动物和其他食物。人工饲养接受多种饵料，搭配活饵、冷冻饵料和干粮，并补充螺旋藻薄片或烫菠菜等植物成分。
习性与混养
可选择温和的马湖孔雀类及其他性情相近的鱼，避开强势岩栖类。对同种通常也温和，但繁殖雄鱼仍会轻度守领域。每雄配多雌较合适，不同色型应分开繁殖以免杂交。
雌雄区分
雄鱼更大，色彩比雌鱼鲜明得多。
繁殖
为雌性口孵鱼，可从六至八条幼鱼开始，使用单养缸较便于繁殖。保留开放沙地，可参考 pH 8.0～8.5、25～26.5 °C，并以多样饵料调养。
雄鱼建立区域、挖出产卵坑并展示体色。雌鱼产卵后立即含入口中，再被臀鳍卵斑吸引，接受雄鱼精液使卵受精。一窝可达约五十粒，含卵约三周，期间雌鱼不进食。
过度干扰或移动可能引起提前吐卵或吞卵，隔离应谨慎。自然释出的鱼苗可立即吃丰年虾无节幼体或微虫，不应把人工剥苗当作普通饲养的必要步骤。
补充说明
追随其他鱼扬起的沙尘觅食，是它利用他种翻底行为的方式，不等于日常必须与某个指定物种合养。不同色型可能杂交，应保留来源记录。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
The gentle Malawi cichlid Placidochromis electra often feeds around material disturbed by other substrate-feeding fishes. It is better suited to calm Malawi companions than to a forceful mbuna community.
Distribution & habitat
Endemic to Lake Malawi, it is recorded around Likoma Island, Mara Point, and several stretches of shoreline. It usually occurs above sandy bottoms below about seven meters. Its deepwater common name should not imply an exclusive association with extreme depths.
Aquarium setup
Provide sand with rocky caves and retreats around open areas. Plants are optional and are normally left undamaged. Keep some clear sand available for a breeding male to excavate a spawning pit.
Diet & feeding
Wild fish take invertebrates and other food exposed when neighboring fishes disturb the bottom. Captive fish accept varied live, frozen, and dry foods. Include some vegetable material, such as spirulina flakes or softened spinach.
Behaviour & compatibility
Choose peaceful Malawi species, including suitable peacock cichlids, and avoid aggressive rock dwellers. Conspecific interactions are generally mild, though breeding males defend small areas. Keep several females per male. Separate color forms because they may hybridize.
Sexual dimorphism
Males become larger and substantially more colorful than females.
Breeding
This maternal mouthbrooder can be started as a group of six to eight juveniles. A dedicated breeding aquarium with open sand is useful. Conditions around pH 8.0–8.5 and 25–26.5 °C can support spawning, together with varied conditioning foods.
A male claims an area, digs a pit, and displays his intensified colors. The female releases eggs and promptly gathers them into her mouth. Her response to the male's anal-fin egg markings brings her into position to receive sperm. Up to about 50 eggs are carried for roughly three weeks, during which she fasts.
Disturbance or transfer can cause premature release or brood loss, so isolation requires care. Newly released fry can take brine shrimp nauplii or microworms immediately. Artificial removal of fry is not a necessary routine for ordinary maintenance.
Notes
Following sediment clouds is a feeding opportunity rather than evidence that this species requires one particular companion. Preserve locality records and keep different color forms in separate breeding lines.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/placidochromis-electra(抓取于 2026-10-10)
placidochromis-electra · 文件: data/species/placidochromis-electra.md · 状态: 草稿