黑体尖陶乐鲶 · Ripsaw Catfish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Oxydoras niger |
| 别名 | 拟陶乐鲶、黑體尖陶樂鯰、擬陶樂鯰 |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 棘甲鲶科 Doradidae › Oxydoras |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 玻利维亚、巴西、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、圭亚那、秘鲁 |
| 成体体长 | 90 cm |
| 最小水体 | 1728 L |
| 最小缸长 | 240 cm |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish oxydoras-niger;fishbase 12108 |
| 食性 | 碎屑食性 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| pH | 6–7 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 0–20 | — | dGH |
概述
黑体尖陶乐鲶（Oxydoras niger）是可达约 90 cm 的巨型甲鲶，外形强悍而性情较温和。成年所需设施远超常见家庭鱼缸，更适合公共水族馆；幼鱼容易买到并不代表长大后容易安置。
分布与栖息地
见于南美北部多个大型河流水系，记录涉及厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉、圭亚那、秘鲁、玻利维亚和巴西，包括埃塞奎博河等流域。奥里诺科河种群的存在仍带有推测性质。总体属于大型南美河流环境，微生境资料有限。
饲养环境
单尾成鱼至少需约 240 × 60 × 120 cm 的设施，而群养应进一步扩大，适宜气候下可考虑热带池体。石块、树根和沉木提供遮蔽，同时要留足游动空间。
大型过滤系统和稳定水质十分重要，偏暗照明有助于它离开藏处。成年后的长期容纳方案应在购买前落实，不能假定商店或水族馆一定能够接收。
食性与喂食
它是兼食多种食物的碎屑摄食者，会翻筛底质寻找可吃的东西，底栖甲壳动物及昆虫幼虫占较大比例。缸内通常接受多数食物，应定期提供植物性成分以及活饵或冷冻饵。
习性与混养
可与体形足够大、性情温和的大型鱼共同饲养，但能入口的小鱼仍可能被吃。即使单尾缸已经很大，同种成群表现通常更好，所需空间必须随群体规模增加。
补充说明
可靠的雌雄区别及普通鱼缸中的繁殖方法尚不明确。旧名称中可见 Pseudodoras niger。俗称中与“锯齿”有关的描述来自体侧棘列，并不意味着本种是特别好斗的鱼。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Oxydoras niger is a giant thorny catfish reaching about 90 cm. Despite its formidable appearance, it is relatively placid. Adult facilities lie well beyond an ordinary home aquarium, making public aquariums the most realistic setting for many specimens.
Distribution & habitat
Records span major northern South American river systems in Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil, including the Essequibo. An Orinoco population is suggested rather than confirmed. Detailed microhabitat information is limited beyond its association with large South American rivers.
Aquarium setup
A single adult needs at least approximately 240 × 60 × 120 cm, with still more room for a group. A suitably managed tropical pond is another possibility. Rocks, roots, and wood provide cover, but ample open swimming space remains essential.
Substantial filtration must maintain stable, clean water. Dim lighting encourages emergence. Arrange lifetime accommodation before purchase; a shop or public aquarium cannot be assumed to accept an outgrown fish.
Diet & feeding
This omnivorous detritus feeder sifts the substrate for edible material. Benthic crustaceans and insect larvae form a substantial share of its natural intake. Most aquarium foods are accepted; vegetable material and live or frozen foods should feature regularly.
Behaviour & compatibility
Large peaceful companions are possible, but fishes small enough to swallow may be eaten. Conspecific company is beneficial, so even a large single-fish installation must be expanded if a group is planned.
Notes
Reliable sexing characters and practical aquarium breeding methods remain unavailable. Older accounts may use Pseudodoras niger. Its saw-related common name refers to lateral spines rather than exceptional aggression.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/oxydoras-niger(抓取于 2026-10-10)
oxydoras-niger · 文件: data/species/oxydoras-niger.md · 状态: 草稿