招财鱼 · Giant Gourami
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Osphronemus goramy |
| 别名 | 絲足鱸、丝足鲈 |
| 分类 | 攀鲈目 Anabantiformes › 丝足鲈科 Osphronemidae › Osphronemus |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 70 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 681 L |
| 最小缸长 | 183 cm |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish osphronemus-goramy;fishbase 498 |
| 原产地 | 婆罗洲、爪哇、苏门答腊、泰国、中南半岛及马来半岛 |
| 食性 | 杂食 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–30 | — | °C |
| pH | 6.5–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 5–25 | — | dGH |
概述
招财鱼（Osphronemus goramy）幼鱼虽小巧，成长却很快，成年可达 70 厘米，人工饲养寿命可超过二十年。购买前必须落实长期的大型水体，不能只按幼鱼大小选择鱼缸。
分布与栖息地
分布涉及婆罗洲、爪哇、苏门答腊、泰国、中南半岛及马来半岛，栖息于沼泽、大河和静水水域。
饲养环境
成年鱼约 183 × 61 × 61 厘米仅属最低空间，更大更合适。大型稳固岩石和沉木可构成藏身处；浮水植物有遮阴作用，但可能被吃掉。强效过滤是处理大量排泄物的关键。
食性与喂食
杂食且不挑食，可用颗粒、冷冻食物与植物性食材组成多样食谱。
习性与混养
会捕食小鱼，与其他足够大的鱼通常能相处。部分成鱼会表现强烈攻击性，缸体过小常与此相关；混养需足够空间，并持续评估个体冲突。
雌雄区分
雄鱼背鳍和臀鳍末端较尖。
繁殖
可从约六个月龄达到性成熟，使用较年轻亲鱼往往比容纳全成年亲鱼现实。必须提供表层植物，雄鱼用植物材料建大巢，产卵后把卵转移进去，并逐离雌鱼，此时应移开雌鱼。卵约 24～36 小时孵化，再三至五天自由游动，此后可移走雄鱼，并喂初孵丰年虾或粉状薄片。野外雄鱼可继续守护幼鱼二至三周。
补充说明
幼鱼竖纹随成长变淡，人工品系中有金色型。注射染料造成的人工着色与正常金色品系不同，处理会带来应激，并可能缩短寿命。长期饲养的个体可学会辨认主人。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Juvenile Osphronemus goramy can look manageable, but rapid growth leads to an adult approaching 70 cm. Captive individuals may live beyond twenty years. Keeping one therefore means planning a large permanent home at the outset.
Distribution & habitat
Its recorded range includes Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Thailand, Indochina, and the Malay Peninsula. Swamps, large rivers, and stagnant waters are among its habitats.
Aquarium setup
An adult tank around 183 by 61 by 61 cm represents only a bare minimum. Use sturdy rocks and large wood for shelter, leaving generous open space. Floating plants may provide shade but can be eaten. Efficient, powerful filtration must handle the substantial waste load.
Diet & feeding
An unfussy omnivore, it accepts pellets, frozen foods, and plant material. Provide variety rather than relying on a single rich food.
Behaviour & compatibility
Small fishes are potential prey. Large companions often coexist successfully, although some adults become strongly aggressive, particularly in cramped quarters. Space and individual behavior are more informative than a blanket community-fish label.
Sexual dimorphism
Males develop pointed dorsal and anal fins.
Breeding
Sexual maturity can begin around six months, making younger breeders more practical than fully grown adults. Supply surface vegetation for the male’s large plant nest. He transfers eggs into it and drives the female away, at which point she should be separated. Incubation lasts about 24–36 hours, followed by free swimming three to five days later. The male can then be removed, and the young accept brine shrimp nauplii or finely powdered flakes. Wild males may guard their young for another two to three weeks.
Notes
Juvenile bars fade with growth, and a golden captive form exists. Artificially dyed fish are a separate issue: dye injection is stressful and may shorten life. Established individuals can learn to recognize their keeper.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/osphronemus-goramy(抓取于 2026-10-10)
osphronemus-goramy · 文件: data/species/osphronemus-goramy.md · 状态: 草稿