小青鮰 · Dwarf Medaka
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Oryzias minutillus |
| 分类 | 颌针鱼目 Beloniformes › 怪颌鳉科 Adrianichthyidae › Oryzias |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 缅甸、泰国 |
| 成体体长 | 1.7 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 入门 |
| 最小水体 | 16 L |
| 最小缸长 | 40 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish oryzias-minutillus;fishbase 26983 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 繁殖方式 | 产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 23–32 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–15 | — | dGH |
概述
小青鮰（Oryzias minutillus）是微型纯淡水稻田鱼，常在浅静水和水草间生活。它需要同样细小温和的伙伴，单种密植群养既利于观察，也更便于管理微小鱼苗。
分布与栖息地
模式地点在泰国曼谷小运河，泰国多个水系、普吉岛、缅甸、柬埔寨及云南都有相关记录，但部分记录可能属于其他近似种，实际边界仍有争议。典型环境为浅水潭、沟渠、稻田和清水沼泽，通常流动很弱且植被繁密。
饲养环境
小群底面积至少参考 40 × 20 厘米。深色底床、根枝、密植草丛和水面植物配少量开阔区，帮助显色与建立安全感，也给鱼苗留下隐蔽位置。
食性与喂食
天然以小昆虫、蠕虫、甲壳类和其他浮游动物为食，人工薄片颗粒必须足够细小，每天搭配水蚤、丰年虾或碎红虫等适口活冷冻饵。
习性与混养
建议八尾以上。可考虑微型温和鱼及适宜淡水虾，其他小型鱼也须逐一核对条件；繁殖以单种养为宜，避免不同青鳉杂交。
雌雄区分
雄鱼臀鳍外缘凸、背鳍和臀鳍前部鳍条延长，生殖突为短管；雌鱼臀鳍外缘略凹、腹鳍鳍条延长，生殖突为双叶状。
繁殖
适应良好、状态佳时可频繁产卵，多在清晨，雄鱼颜色加深并占临时小领地。卵成团排出同时受精，先挂在雌鱼腹部，再黏到细叶植物或人工产卵拖把上。
通常一至三周孵化，受温度影响。成鱼多忽略卵而会吃鱼苗，密植可提高部分存活率；也可将卵苗移至装亲鱼缸水的容器。鱼苗游动后可立即给微虫、丰年虾无节幼体，大小差距明显者分开防互食。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A miniature freshwater ricefish, Oryzias minutillus uses shallow still waters rich in plants. Tiny peaceful companions are essential if it is mixed at all. A planted species group offers a practical setting for observation and rearing.
Distribution & habitat
The type locality is a small Bangkok canal. Wider records include several Thai basins, Phuket, Myanmar, Cambodia, and Yunnan, but some may concern related species. Typical habitats are shallow pools, ditches, rice fields, and clear swamps, generally still and vegetated.
Aquarium setup
Provide at least a 40 by 20 cm footprint. Dark substrate, wood, dense plants, and surface vegetation should retain some open areas while offering security and fry refuge.
Diet & feeding
Natural food consists of minute insects, worms, crustaceans, and zooplankton. Prepared foods must be small enough, with daily suitable live or frozen prey adding variety.
Behaviour & compatibility
Eight or more are recommended. Tiny peaceful fish and suitable freshwater shrimp may work if their conditions match. A species-only breeding aquarium avoids crosses with other ricefish.
Sexual dimorphism
Males have a convex anal edge and extended leading dorsal and anal rays, with a tubular genital papilla. Females have a slightly concave anal edge, longer pelvic rays, and a bilobed papilla.
Breeding
Frequent morning spawning is possible in good condition. Males intensify color and claim temporary patches. Fertilized egg clusters hang briefly from the female before attachment to fine vegetation or mops.
Incubation typically lasts one to three weeks. Eggs are often left alone, but swimming fry are eaten. Plant cover may preserve some, while separate rearing in parental water gives more control. Free-swimming young accept microworms and Artemia nauplii; separate different-sized juveniles to reduce cannibalism.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/oryzias-minutillus(抓取于 2026-10-10)
oryzias-minutillus · 文件: data/species/oryzias-minutillus.md · 状态: 草稿