恒河青鮰 · Indian Ricefish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Oryzias dancena |
| 别名 | 恆河青鮰、Cyprinus dancena、Aplocheilus mcclellandi |
| 分类 | 颌针鱼目 Beloniformes › 怪颌鳉科 Adrianichthyidae › Oryzias |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 孟加拉国、印度、缅甸、斯里兰卡、泰国、马来西亚 |
| 成体体长 | 3.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 入门 |
| 最小水体 | 41 L |
| 最小缸长 | 45 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish oryzias-dancena;fishbase 50265 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 繁殖方式 | 产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 23–27 | — | °C |
| pH | 6.5–8.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 5–25 | — | dGH |
概述
恒河青鮰（Oryzias dancena）是能利用淡水和汽水环境的小型稻田鱼，群养下显得更自然。成年雄鱼背鳍、臀鳍带丝状延长及白色尖端，臀鳍还有较明显蓝带，是观察性别的重要线索。
分布与栖息地
广布印度东部及南部、斯里兰卡、孟加拉国、缅甸，也有泰国南部拉廊和马来西亚槟城记录。多见沿岸水体，但从受潮汐影响的强汽水红树林，到酸性淡水林溪、河盆、水潭和牛轭湖都能利用。
饲养环境
小群底面积至少参考 45 × 30 厘米。深色底床、密植草丛、根枝与沉木加水面植物，既提供遮蔽也留开阔区，能帮助显色并提高少量鱼苗自然存活机会。
食性与喂食
天然捕食小昆虫、蠕虫、甲壳类和其他浮游动物。适口干粮可作搭配，每天再给水蚤、丰年虾、碎红虫等小型活冷冻饵，避免只用单一颗粒。
习性与混养
建议八尾以上，通常对同伴温和。搭配细小、温和且水质相近的鱼或合适淡水虾；若以繁殖为主则单种养，不与其他青鳉混养以防杂交。
雌雄区分
雄鱼更纤细，背鳍、臀鳍部分鳍条延长成丝，末端可见白点，臀鳍外缘凸且蓝带较鲜艳；雌鱼臀鳍外缘直或微凹。雄性生殖突短管状，雌性双叶状。
繁殖
状态好时可频繁产卵，常在清晨，雄鱼颜色加深并守临时小领地。黏卵成团排出并受精，短暂挂在雌鱼腹部，随后附在细叶水草、莫丝或产卵拖把上。
孵化约一至三周，依温度变化。成鱼常忽略卵，但会捕食游动鱼苗，密植可保留少量后代，也可分出卵苗到装有亲鱼缸水的育苗容器。自由游动后可喂微虫和丰年虾无节幼体，大小差距大的幼鱼应分开。
补充说明
曾与爪哇青鮰（Oryzias javanicus）等混用名称，购买时应核对鳍纹和物种身份，不能只凭“印度青鳉”商品称呼。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A small adaptable ricefish, Oryzias dancena occupies fresh and brackish habitats. Groups show confident behavior, while mature males develop distinctive fin extensions, pale tips, and a stronger blue anal-fin band.
Distribution & habitat
The core range covers eastern and southern India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, with records from western Peninsular Thailand and Malaysia. Habitats range from strongly brackish tidal mangroves to acidic freshwater forest streams, river basins, pools, and oxbows.
Aquarium setup
A group needs at least the suggested 45 by 30 cm footprint. Combine dark substrate, dense plant patches, roots, wood, and surface vegetation with open areas. This encourages color and can provide refuge for a few fry.
Diet & feeding
Small insects, worms, crustaceans, and other zooplankton form its natural prey. Suitable dry foods can be paired with daily small live or frozen meals for variety.
Behaviour & compatibility
Eight or more make a confident group. Choose tiny peaceful fish or suitable shrimp sharing the conditions. A single-species setup is preferable for breeding and prevents crossing with other ricefish.
Sexual dimorphism
Males are slimmer, with filamentous dorsal and anal rays, some ending in white tips. Their anal edge is convex and blue band brighter; females have a straight or slightly concave edge. The genital papilla is tubular versus bilobed.
Breeding
Spawning can be frequent in good condition, commonly in the morning when males intensify color and defend temporary patches. Fertilized adhesive eggs hang from the female briefly before attachment to fine plants, moss, or mops.
Hatching generally takes one to three weeks, varying with temperature. Adults often ignore eggs but prey on swimming young. Dense cover may allow some survival, or eggs and fry can be separated into parental water. Feed tiny moving prey such as microworms or Artemia nauplii, and keep very different-sized juveniles apart.
Notes
Names have been confused with those of related ricefish, including Oryzias javanicus. Fin patterns and verified identity are more useful than a broad regional trade label.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/oryzias-dancena(抓取于 2026-10-10)
oryzias-dancena · 文件: data/species/oryzias-dancena.md · 状态: 草稿