河虹银汉鱼 · Australian Rainbowfish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Melanotaenia fluviatilis |
| 别名 | 绯红点鳍鱼、河虹銀漢魚、緋紅點鰭魚 |
| 分类 | 银汉鱼目 Atheriniformes › 黑带银汉鱼科 Melanotaeniidae › Melanotaenia |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 10 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 入门 |
| 最小水体 | 81 L |
| 最小缸长 | 90 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish melanotaenia-fluviatilis;fishbase 22685 |
| 原产地 | 澳大利亚昆士兰州及新南威尔士州 |
| 繁殖方式 | 散卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–25 | — | °C |
| pH | 6.5–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 8–20 | — | dGH |
概述
河虹银汉鱼（Melanotaenia fluviatilis）是来自澳大利亚的温和群居彩虹鱼，能适应自然季节变化。它能短期承受较凉环境，不代表适合长期低温饲养，过冷会令活动和发色减弱。
分布与栖息地
分布于昆士兰州及新南威尔士州，生活在河流缓流段和池塘、沟渠、湖泊等静水中。常见环境水清、植物浓密，温度和水化学会随季节改变。
饲养环境
底面积至少约 90 × 30 cm。密植水草提供遮蔽，另留开阔游动区，植物应适应略硬的水。高效过滤和稳定维护对状态与发色都很重要。
食性与喂食
多数干饲料、冷冻饵和活饵都可接受，规律使用适口活饵有助于展示良好颜色。
习性与混养
至少六至八条同养，可在增加空间后扩群。它很温和，但活动快，体形也可能大过小型缸友，宜与体形相近的平和鱼搭配，避开容易受扰的慢游鱼。
雌雄区分
雄鱼更大、更鲜艳，成熟时背部明显增高；繁殖状态可见橙色喉部及红色尾鳍。
繁殖
散卵型，繁殖本身相对容易，鱼苗照顾更费心。先群体调养，再选体况和发色好的亲鱼配对，繁殖缸用细叶植物或拖把收卵，气动过滤即可。略硬、偏碱性水、约 22–24 °C 可用于繁殖。
成鱼可连续数周每天产一批卵，卵由细丝附着。虽然通常不积极吃卵，规律收卵到水质相同的容器仍便于育苗。卵约六至十天孵化，先供微型饵，一周左右逐步转为丰年虾无节幼体等游动食物。鱼苗贴近表层，沉底饲料不适合。
补充说明
它与某些近似彩虹鱼曾被合为同种，外观相近但花纹、鳍条及卵苗发育存在差异。自然耐凉能力不应当作降低维护标准的理由，饲养仍以原有适宜范围为准。
English
Overview
Melanotaenia fluviatilis is a peaceful Australian rainbowfish adapted to seasonal change. Tolerance of relatively cool conditions does not imply that prolonged cold aquarium housing is desirable; activity and color decline when it is kept too cool.
Distribution & habitat
It occurs in Queensland and New South Wales, using slow river sections and still waters such as ponds, ditches, and lakes. Clear water and abundant vegetation are common, with seasonal changes in temperature and chemistry.
Aquarium setup
Allow a footprint around 90 × 30 cm or more. Combine planted refuges with unobstructed swimming room, selecting plants that tolerate slightly hard water. Efficient filtration and consistent maintenance support condition and coloration.
Diet & feeding
Most dry, frozen, and live foods are readily taken. Regular suitable live foods help bring out good color.
Behaviour & compatibility
Keep at least six to eight, expanding accommodation for more. Its peaceful nature is accompanied by active swimming and enough size to disturb smaller or slower companions. Similar-sized placid fishes are preferable.
Sexual dimorphism
Males are larger and brighter, developing a high back with maturity. Breeding condition can bring orange to the throat and red to the tail.
Breeding
It scatters eggs comparatively readily, although rearing young takes more attention. Condition adults as a group before selecting a robust, well-colored pair. Fine plants or mops collect eggs in a gently filtered setup. Slightly hard, alkaline water around 22–24 °C is suitable for breeding.
Egg batches can be laid daily for several weeks and attach by fine threads. Adults generally do not target them, but regular collection into matching water simplifies rearing. Hatching takes approximately six to ten days. Start with microscopic foods, then introduce swimming prey such as brine-shrimp nauplii after about a week. Fry remain near the surface, making sinking food unsuitable.
Notes
It was once grouped with a similar rainbowfish, despite differences in pattern, fin counts, and early development. Natural tolerance of cool water should not be interpreted as a reason to abandon the established aquarium range.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/melanotaenia-fluviatilis(抓取于 2026-10-10)
melanotaenia-fluviatilis · 文件: data/species/melanotaenia-fluviatilis.md · 状态: 草稿