克氏畸斗鱼 · Ornate Paradisefish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Malpulutta kretseri |
| 别名 | 克氏畸鬥魚 |
| 分类 | 攀鲈目 Anabantiformes › 丝足鲈科 Osphronemidae › Malpulutta |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 斯里兰卡 |
| 成体体长 | 5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 入门 |
| 最小水体 | 16 L |
| 最小缸长 | 40 cm |
| 群居方式 | 成对 |
| 水流偏好 | 低 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish malpulutta-kretseri;fishbase 6354 |
| 繁殖方式 | 吐泡筑巢 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 16–22 | — | °C |
| pH | 5–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 1–8 | — | dGH |
概述
克氏畸斗鱼（Malpulutta kretseri）是一种体形小、性情极温和的斯里兰卡迷鳃鱼，部分个体相当胆怯。遮阴、低流速和安静环境比热闹混养更适合它，专缸繁殖也有助维持人工种群。
分布与栖息地
主要见于斯里兰卡西南湿润带，记录涉及金河、凯拉尼河、卡卢河、尼尔瓦拉河和本托塔河等水系，并非只限某一保护区。典型环境为林下浅而缓流的溪流，水清或稍染色，底部为覆有落叶、枝条的沙地，岸边根系和植被提供遮蔽。
饲养环境
一对可参考至少 40 × 20 厘米底面积。沉木、椰壳、花盆或短管提供暗处与产卵洞穴，配落叶及浮水植物。轻柔海绵过滤即可；缸盖与水面间留出温暖潮湿的空气层。
食性与喂食
常规供给水蚤、丰年虾和小型蠕虫等活冷冻饵。它可能啄食干粮，但不宜据此让干粮承担全部营养；合适尺寸的小蟋蟀、果蝇也可作为变化。
习性与混养
本性不具攻击性，胆小个体即使加入引导鱼也未必放松。为观察繁殖和稳定摄食，单种饲养更合适。
雌雄区分
雄鱼通常较大、颜色更鲜明，腹鳍和其他不成对鳍的延长部分更突出。
繁殖
雄鱼通常在洞穴或遮蔽物下筑泡巢，也可能选浮水植物根部。交配分多次环抱，雌鱼会把卵收集送入巢中，雄鱼恢复后继续参与。产后雄鱼逐离雌鱼并守巢；卵约 48～60 小时孵化。仔鱼先用微小饵料三至五天，再转初孵丰年虾或微虫。自由游动后需考虑与亲鱼分开，以减少被捕食的风险。
补充说明
红、紫、蓝等色型并非已确立的不同亚种。迷鳃器官能辅助利用空气，但它上浮吞气的频率可低于许多其他迷鳃鱼。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A small Sri Lankan labyrinth fish, Malpulutta kretseri benefits from a quiet aquarium with shade and gentle flow. Some individuals are exceptionally shy, making a dedicated breeding group or pair a more useful focus than a busy community display.
Distribution & habitat
Records are concentrated in the southwestern wet zone, including the Gin, Kelani, Kalu, Nilwala, and Bentota drainages. Its range is wider than a single reserve. Shaded, shallow streams have clear to lightly stained water, sandy beds covered with leaves and branches, and shelter among bankside roots. Historical northern locality names are difficult to reconcile with modern records.
Aquarium setup
A pair can be accommodated with a footprint of at least 40 by 20 cm. Arrange wood, small caves, and floating cover to create shaded retreats. Leaf litter adds cover and supports microorganisms useful to fry. Use gentle sponge filtration and keep a covered, humid air space above the water.
Diet & feeding
Base feeding on suitably small live or frozen foods such as water fleas, brine shrimp, and worms. Investigating or pecking at dried food does not mean it provides a sufficient diet. Small crickets or fruit flies can add variety.
Behaviour & compatibility
It is nonaggressive, but adding dither fishes does not reliably reassure very timid individuals. Species-only housing allows closer attention to feeding and courtship.
Sexual dimorphism
Males generally grow larger and show stronger coloration and more extended pelvic and unpaired fins.
Breeding
The male conceals a bubble nest beneath cover, sometimes among floating roots. Repeated embraces release small batches of eggs, which the female gathers and delivers while the male recovers. He later excludes her and guards the nest. Hatching takes roughly 48–60 hours. Offer microscopic foods for the first three to five feeding days before progressing to brine shrimp nauplii or microworms. Separation after free swimming reduces the risk of parental predation.
Notes
Reddish, violet, and bluish forms should not be treated as established subspecies. Its labyrinth organ supports air breathing, although surface gulps may be less frequent than in many other anabantoids.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/malpulutta-kretseri(抓取于 2026-10-10)
malpulutta-kretseri · 文件: data/species/malpulutta-kretseri.md · 状态: 草稿