巴西矛丽鱼 · Atabo Red Pike Cichlid
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Lugubria lugubris |
| 别名 | 郁矛丽鱼、巴西矛麗魚、郁矛麗魚、Crenicichla lugubris |
| 分类 | 慈鲷目 Cichliformes › 慈鲷科 Cichlidae › Lugubria |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 40 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 困难 |
| 最小水体 | 972 L |
| 最小缸长 | 180 cm |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish lugubria-lugubris;fishbase 46877 |
| 原产地 | 巴西、圭亚那及苏里南 |
| 性情 | 攻击性 |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 27–29 | — | °C |
| pH | 5.5–6.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 0–15 | — | dGH |
概述
巴西矛丽鱼（Lugubria lugubris）幼时色彩吸引人，但很快会长成可达约 40 厘米、攻击性明显的大型慈鲷。尤其不能把买入小鱼时的缸和同伴安排长期沿用，成年后的体形、口裂和同种攻击都需要提前考虑。
分布与栖息地
已记录于苏里南 Corantijn 河、圭亚那埃塞奎博河，以及巴西内格罗河、Uatumã 河等水系。另有巴西及圭亚那的 Branco 河记录。主要利用植被丰富的河流与支流。
饲养环境
可参考约 180 × 60 × 90 厘米的大缸，必须按成年需要安排。建议沙底，岩石构成可退避的洞穴。它可能翻挖并移动布置，水草宜选强健种类，采用盆栽或固定于沉木的方式，避免依赖脆弱精细造景。
食性与喂食
食谱应多样，可用优质慈鲷颗粒或薄片，搭配活饵、冻饵、虾肉和贝肉，以及含螺旋藻或藻类的饵料。
习性与混养
成年鱼可很凶，同种之间尤其需要谨慎。可专缸，或在足够大空间中谨慎尝试其他大型慈鲷；小到能被吞下的鱼有明显捕食风险。伴侣也不例外，随着雄鱼成熟，攻击可能越来越强，潜在配偶可能被杀死。
雌雄区分
雄鱼背鳍有白色线条，雌鱼通常更鲜艳。
繁殖
人工繁殖报道很少，推测属于洞穴产卵型，尚不宜把这一推测写成确定繁殖类型。成功繁殖的个体表现出良好护幼，但形成相容配对是主要障碍；不能简单将成年雌雄合缸期待自行配对。
补充说明
它从色彩鲜明的小鱼迅速长成大型攻击性成鱼，是选购时最容易低估的变化。长期方案应从成鱼阶段倒推，而不是以当前幼鱼尺寸决定最终空间。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Lugubria lugubris can be strikingly colorful when young but rapidly becomes a large, aggressive cichlid of approximately 40 cm. Plan beyond the juvenile stage: adult size, swallowing capacity and conspecific aggression all change the practical requirements.
Distribution & habitat
Records include the Corantijn in Suriname, the Essequibo in Guyana and Brazil's Negro and Uatumã systems. Branco River records are also listed for Brazil and Guyana. Well-vegetated rivers and tributaries are its reported habitats.
Aquarium setup
A tank around 180 × 60 × 90 cm provides a large-system reference. Sand and rock caves offer an appropriate basic arrangement and retreat sites. The fish may excavate and rearrange furnishings. Use robust plants in pots or secured to wood if planting is desired, rather than depending on a delicate layout.
Diet & feeding
Provide varied foods: quality cichlid pellets or flakes, live and frozen items, prawns and mussels, and spirulina- or algae-containing preparations.
Behaviour & compatibility
Adults can be highly aggressive, particularly toward their own species. A dedicated aquarium or a cautiously selected large-cichlid community requires considerable space. Fish small enough to swallow are vulnerable. Prospective partners are not exempt: male aggression increases with maturity and may kill a female introduced for breeding.
Sexual dimorphism
Males have a white dorsal-fin stripe, while females tend to be more colorful.
Breeding
Captive breeding reports are scarce, and cave spawning is believed rather than firmly established. Successful breeders have shown good parental care, but obtaining a compatible pair is a major obstacle. Simply combining adult sexes is not a reliable pairing method.
Notes
The rapid transition from an appealing juvenile to a substantial aggressive adult is easy to underestimate. Base the long-term arrangement on the mature fish rather than its purchase size.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/lugubria-lugubris(抓取于 2026-10-10)
lugubria-lugubris · 文件: data/species/lugubria-lugubris.md · 状态: 草稿