似兵鲶 · Smudge Spot Cory
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Hoplisoma simile |
| 别名 | 似兵鯰、Corydoras similis |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 美鲶科 Callichthyidae › Hoplisoma |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 巴西 |
| 成体体长 | 6 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 入门 |
| 最小水体 | 41 L |
| 最小缸长 | 45 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish hoplisoma-simile;fishbase 49839 |
| 食性 | 杂食 |
| 繁殖方式 | 附着产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 21–27 | — | °C |
| pH | 5.6–7 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 0–12 | — | dGH |
概述
似兵鲶（Hoplisoma simile）的尾柄有蓝灰色晕斑，乍看易与几种花纹接近的甲鲶混淆。辨认宜结合晕斑边缘、吻长和整体体形。
分布与栖息地
原生巴西马代拉河流域，栖于小支流、溪流、水塘和淹水森林。
饲养环境
小群可参考约 45 × 30 × 30 厘米。沙底、沉木根部与干落叶形成遮蔽，灯光较暗；及时更新落叶，防止腐败污染。也可用维护良好的水草缸，不采用底滤板，保持底床清洁以保护触须。
食性与喂食
杂食，以优质下沉颗粒或片剂为基础，定期配水蚤、丰年虾或红虫等活冷冻饵。
习性与混养
至少六尾成群更自信活跃，避开很大或好斗伙伴，适合温和小鱼及温和鲶鱼。
雌雄区分
雌鱼通常略大，从上方看体躯宽圆，抱卵时尤为明显。
繁殖
可一雌两雄，海绵过滤配细叶植物，参考水温 24 °C、酸碱度 6.5。抱卵后偏凉水换约 50%～70% 并增氧，产卵有丁字姿势，卵分批附在玻璃等处。产后分开亲鱼与卵，孵化用原缸水充氧并除霉卵。通常三至五天孵化，卵黄吸收后喂微虫或初孵丰年虾；薄沙底似有利于育苗。
补充说明
相似鱼可能体形更圆、尾柄斑更黑更清楚，或有明显长吻与灰黑尾斑；不能只凭“尾部有斑”确定身份。偶尔上浮吞气为辅助呼吸，明显增频应检查水质；胸鳍棘易挂网或刺伤，转移需小心。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A bluish smudge at the tail base helps characterize Hoplisoma simile. Several catfishes resemble it at a glance, so identification should combine patch definition, snout length, and body shape.
Distribution & habitat
It occurs in Brazil’s Madeira basin, using small tributaries, creeks, pools, and flooded forest.
Aquarium setup
A tank around 45 by 30 by 30 cm can combine sand, roots, wood, and leaves under subdued light. Replace aging leaves before they foul the water. A maintained planted tank also works, but substrate hygiene is essential and undergravel filtration should be avoided.
Diet & feeding
Use quality sinking pellets or tablets with varied live and frozen supplements for this readily fed omnivore.
Behaviour & compatibility
Keep at least six, selecting peaceful companions of compatible size rather than large or aggressive fishes.
Sexual dimorphism
Females are often slightly larger and broader from above, particularly when gravid.
Breeding
Use two males per female with sponge filtration and fine plants around 24 °C and pH 6.5. A 50–70% cooler-water change with increased aeration can encourage gravid fish. T-shaped pairing precedes eggs being attached to glass or other surfaces. Separate adults and eggs afterward and incubate in aerated breeding-tank water, removing fungal eggs. Hatching takes roughly three to five days; small live foods follow yolk absorption. Thin sand appears useful for rearing.
Notes
Look-alikes may have rounder bodies, a darker and sharper tail patch, or an elongated snout with a gray-black smudge. A tail mark alone is insufficient. Occasional surface gulps supplement respiration; an unusual increase warrants checking water quality. Pectoral spines can snag nets or puncture skin.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/hoplisoma-simile(抓取于 2026-10-10)
hoplisoma-simile · 文件: data/species/hoplisoma-simile.md · 状态: 草稿