黑点兵鲶 · Spotted Cory
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Hoplisoma melanistium |
| 别名 | 黑點兵鯰、Corydoras melanistius |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 美鲶科 Callichthyidae › Hoplisoma |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 5.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 41 L |
| 最小缸长 | 45 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish hoplisoma-melanistium;fishbase 10924 |
| 原产地 | 圭亚那、苏里南、法属圭亚那 |
| 食性 | 杂食 |
| 繁殖方式 | 附着产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 22–26 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–15 | — | dGH |
概述
黑点兵鲶（Hoplisoma melanistium）来自南美东北部沿海水系，是温和的群居甲鲶。它可养在带木、叶与细沙的环境，也能适应维护良好的水草缸。
分布与栖息地
原生圭亚那、苏里南和法属圭亚那的沿海河流及支流。
饲养环境
小群可参考约 45 × 30 × 30 厘米。河沙、沉木根部与干落叶配较暗灯光可形成遮蔽，允许水略带茶色；及时换掉腐旧落叶，避免污染。也可用维护良好的水草布置，不采用底滤板，底床需特别洁净以保护触须。
食性与喂食
杂食且易接受饵料，以优质下沉颗粒或片剂为基础，补水蚤、丰年虾、红虫等活冷冻食物，主动保证群体摄食。
习性与混养
至少六尾同养，更容易表现自信和活跃。适合温和伙伴，不与过大或攻击性鱼搭配。
雌雄区分
从上方看雌鱼更宽圆，抱卵时尤其明显。
繁殖
可一雌两雄，以海绵过滤和细叶植物布置，参考水温 24 °C、酸碱度 6.5，软水调配可用反渗透水。抱卵后偏凉水换约 50%～70% 并增氧。雌鱼分批将卵附在玻璃等处，产后分开亲鱼和卵，在原缸水中充氧孵化并移除霉卵。通常三至五天孵化，卵黄吸收后吃微虫或初孵丰年虾，薄沙底似有利于育苗。
补充说明
偶尔吞气为辅助呼吸，频率异常升高需检查水质。胸鳍棘容易挂网，也能刺伤皮肤，搬动时应避免徒手挤压或拉扯。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
From northeastern South American coastal waters, Hoplisoma melanistium is a peaceful social catfish. A sheltered sand-and-wood layout or a well-maintained planted tank can suit it.
Distribution & habitat
It occurs in coastal rivers and tributaries of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.
Aquarium setup
A small group can use a setup around 45 by 30 by 30 cm. Sand, roots, wood, and dried leaves provide cover under subdued lighting, with a light tannin tint if desired. Replace decaying leaves before they foul the water. A planted layout also works, but substrate hygiene remains essential and undergravel filtration is unsuitable.
Diet & feeding
Use quality sinking pellets or tablets as the staple for this readily fed omnivore, with varied small live and frozen supplements. Feed the group directly.
Behaviour & compatibility
Keep at least six, choosing calm companions of appropriate size rather than large or aggressive fishes.
Sexual dimorphism
Females appear broader and rounder from above, especially when carrying eggs.
Breeding
Use two males per female, sponge filtration, and fine plants around 24 °C and pH 6.5. Reverse-osmosis water can help prepare soft conditions. A 50–70% cooler-water change with increased aeration may encourage gravid females. Eggs are attached in batches to glass or other surfaces. Separate eggs from adults, incubate in aerated breeding-tank water, and remove fungal eggs. Hatching normally takes three to five days; feed small live foods after yolk absorption. Thin sand appears beneficial for rearing.
Notes
Occasional air gulps supplement respiration, while unusually frequent trips call for a water-quality check. Stiff pectoral spines can snag netting and puncture skin, so avoid squeezing the fish or pulling against a caught spine.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/hoplisoma-melanistium(抓取于 2026-10-10)
hoplisoma-melanistium · 文件: data/species/hoplisoma-melanistium.md · 状态: 草稿