白黑兵鲶 · Blackfin Cory
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Hoplisoma leucomelas |
| 别名 | 白黑兵鯰、Corydoras caquetae、Corydoras leucomelas |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 美鲶科 Callichthyidae › Hoplisoma |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 秘鲁 |
| 成体体长 | 5.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 81 L |
| 最小缸长 | 90 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish hoplisoma-leucomelas;fishbase 46102 |
| 食性 | 杂食 |
| 繁殖方式 | 附着产卵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 22–26 | — | °C |
概述
白黑兵鲶（Hoplisoma leucomelas）在天然水域可形成很大群体，贸易中常夹在混合斑点鼠鱼批次。过眼暗带和背鳍基向体背延伸的黑斑是重要辨认线索。
分布与栖息地
原生秘鲁上亚马逊，模式产地在帕卡亚河右岸、萨拉亚库附近的一处截弯湖。主要生活于黑水河及支流，水受有机物染褐且偏酸，常在软质或泥质底部上方大群活动。
饲养环境
底面积至少约 90 × 30 厘米。细沙较理想，圆滑砾石也可但务必洁净，并配置遮蔽。
食性与喂食
杂食，接受下沉干粮与小型活冷冻食物。主动投喂多样食谱，不能仅靠其他鱼残饵。
习性与混养
温和合群，至少四至六尾一起饲养。
雌雄区分
雌鱼一般更大，成熟后体躯更宽，体高更高。
繁殖
可一雌配两雄或更多雄鱼，抱卵后用偏凉水换约 50%～70% 并加强增氧、水流。卵可附于玻璃、细叶植物或沉底拖把，产后分离亲鱼与卵，以原缸水充氧孵育，控制霉卵。常约三至四天孵化，卵黄耗尽后喂微虫或初孵丰年虾。幼鱼不算容易养好，需要优良水质，薄沙底似比裸底更有利。
补充说明
与安比兵鲶、花尾兵鲶相比，其明显过眼黑带有帮助；另一些近似鱼的背鳍黑斑只在鳍上部，而本种延至背部。偶尔上浮吞气可辅助呼吸。胸鳍棘能造成刺伤，基部腺体分泌物可能带轻微毒性。
English
Overview
Large wild aggregations and mixed trade shipments are characteristic of Hoplisoma leucomelas. An obvious eye band and dark marking extending from the lower dorsal fin onto the back help distinguish it among similar spotted fishes.
Distribution & habitat
It comes from the upper Amazon in Peru, with the type locality in a cut-off lake beside the Pacaya near Sarayacu. Blackwater rivers and tributaries provide acidic, brown-stained water, and large schools occur above soft or muddy substrates.
Aquarium setup
Provide at least a 90 by 30 cm footprint. Fine sand is preferable; clean rounded gravel is an alternative. Include cover for security.
Diet & feeding
Use a varied combination of sinking foods and small live or frozen supplements. Feed this omnivore directly rather than relying on scraps.
Behaviour & compatibility
Keep at least four to six together to accommodate its peaceful, gregarious nature.
Sexual dimorphism
Females are usually larger and become broader and deeper-bodied at maturity.
Breeding
At least two males per female can be used. A 50–70% cooler-water change and increased aeration may stimulate gravid females. Eggs attach to glass, plants, or submerged mops. Separate adults and eggs, incubating in well-oxygenated breeding-tank water and monitoring fungus. Hatching normally takes three to four days. Offer small live foods after yolk absorption. Fry require especially good water quality, and a thin sand layer appears preferable to a bare rearing container.
Notes
The eye band separates it from Brochis ambiacus and B. agassizii. The extension of dorsal black onto the back distinguishes it from some other look-alikes. Occasional air gulps supplement respiration. Handle carefully around the pectoral spines, whose associated secretions may be mildly toxic.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/hoplisoma-leucomelas(抓取于 2026-10-10)
hoplisoma-leucomelas · 文件: data/species/hoplisoma-leucomelas.md · 状态: 草稿