单带红脂鲤 · Gold Wolf Fish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus |
| 别名 | 單帶紅脂鯉 |
| 分类 | 脂鲤目 Characiformes › 血红脂鲤科 Erythrinidae › Hoplerythrinus |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 40 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是;会跳缸: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish hoplerythrinus-unitaeniatus;fishbase 5305 |
| 原产地 | 委内瑞拉、圭亚那、苏里南、法属圭亚那、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、巴西、玻利维亚、阿根廷；巴拿马和特立尼达和多巴哥也有记录 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 23–27 | — | °C |
| pH | 5.5–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–25 | — | dGH |
概述
单带红脂鲤（Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus）是活动量不算大的南美捕食鱼，可利用空气进行辅助呼吸。它对同种不友好，适合有经验的饲养者单尾管理，不能因为平时静伏就忽视捕食和逃逸能力。
分布与栖息地
广布于南美，记录包括委内瑞拉、圭亚那、苏里南、法属圭亚那、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、巴西、玻利维亚和阿根廷，巴拿马及特立尼达和多巴哥也有种群记录。常见于小支流、沼泽、水塘、沟渠及林中湖泊岸边，有时在很浅的水域或水面植物间潜伏。
饲养环境
单尾可从 120 × 45 × 45 cm 的缸体安排，幼鱼暂时可用较小空间。浓密水草和充足浮水植物有助于自然表现，强光或缺少遮蔽容易使它一直躲藏。不种水草时也要设置多个藏身处，缸盖必须严密固定。
食性与喂食
野外捕食昆虫和鱼类，人工食物可选蚯蚓、虾、贝肉和合适鱼肉。干粮通常不被接受，少数个体经过适应才可能转食。没有必要长期大量使用活饲料鱼，这还可能引入疾病或寄生虫。
习性与混养
在大缸中或可与体型相近的鱼共处，但单尾饲养更能避免问题并观察其习性。小鱼会被吞食，同种之间则可能打斗致死。日常换水、清洁和转移时，应考虑到它是有捕食能力的大鱼。
雌雄区分
雌雄外形差异尚未确认，成熟雌鱼腹部可能较圆，这一线索需要谨慎使用。
补充说明
它的鳔具有丰富血管并承担辅助呼吸功能，缸内可能看到它上浮吞入空气。在季节性水域干涸时，也有短距离越陆转移的记录。部分原产地区将其作为食用鱼，但观赏饲养仍需针对成年个体的行为和空间需求安排。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Relatively low activity does not make Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus a harmless community fish. This South American predator consumes small companions and may fight other members of its species to death. Solitary maintenance is the preferable starting point for experienced keepers.
Distribution & habitat
Its broad range includes Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina, with additional records from Panama and Trinidad and Tobago. Small tributaries, marshes, pools, ditches, and forest-lake margins are occupied. Shallow water and surface vegetation often provide concealment.
Aquarium setup
A single fish can be accommodated from about 120 by 45 by 45 cm; smaller quarters are temporary options for juveniles. Dense planting and plentiful floating vegetation encourage normal behavior. Bright, sparsely furnished conditions tend to keep it hidden. If plants are omitted, provide substantial alternative retreats. A close-fitting, firmly secured lid is essential.
Diet & feeding
Fish and insects are eaten naturally. Offer suitable animal foods such as earthworms, shrimp, mussels, and fish flesh. Most individuals reject dry preparations, although some eventually adapt. Routine heavy use of feeder fish is unnecessary and carries the risk of importing parasites or disease.
Behaviour & compatibility
A large aquarium may permit companions of similar size, but a single specimen allows more natural behavior with fewer social complications. Smaller fish are prey, and conspecific intolerance can result in fatal fighting. Maintenance and transfers should account for its predatory capabilities.
Sexual dimorphism
Sex-related external differences remain unconfirmed. A rounder abdomen in mature females is considered possible, not a reliable standalone sexing method.
Notes
A highly vascularized, modified swim bladder supplements aquatic breathing. Fish can be seen rising to gulp air, and short movements over land have been recorded when seasonal waters dry. It is also used for food in parts of its range, though aquarium keeping requires its own provision for adult space and behavior.
来源
ID:hoplerythrinus-unitaeniatus · 文件: data/species/hoplerythrinus-unitaeniatus.md · 状态: 草稿