Hemibagrus spilopterus
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Hemibagrus spilopterus |
| 分类 | 鲶形目 Siluriformes › 鲿科 Bagridae › Hemibagrus |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 老挝、越南、柬埔寨、泰国 |
| 成体体长 | 50 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 群居方式 | 独居 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish hemibagrus-spilopterus;fishbase 58037 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是 |
| 性情 | 攻击性 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–27 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–20 | — | dGH |
概述
Hemibagrus spilopterus 可长至 50 cm，领地性和攻击性都很强，寿命可达数十年。它通常只适合公共展示或极少数超大型私人设施，购入幼鱼前就要考虑整个成体阶段的空间与照料。
分布与栖息地
分布包括老挝、越南、柬埔寨和泰国的湄公河中下游，以及越南同奈河、泰国邦巴功河、湄南河和美功河。生活在主河道、湖泊等缓流或静水区域；雨季可进入淹水森林，约在 11–12 月回到主河道。
饲养环境
需要极强的过滤能力和固定、认真执行的换水制度。可能偏好较暗光线，可用大沉木、岩块或管道提供藏身处；一般家庭鱼缸并不能解决它成年后的饲养需求。
食性与喂食
天然主要捕食甲壳类和小鱼，但人工无需投喂活猎物。幼鱼可吃红虫、水蚯蚓及多种干粮，成鱼可用蚯蚓、虾肉、贝肉、白肉鱼条及较大沉底颗粒。幼鱼需要相对高蛋白食物，成鱼通常每周 1–2 餐即可，不必每天喂。
不要用牛心、鸡肉等陆生动物肉作为饵料，其中部分脂质等成分不适合其代谢，长期可能导致脂肪异常积累及器官损伤。
习性与混养
强烈捍卫地盘，除了最大的公共设施外通常不能与其他鱼共处，即使空间极大也可能攻击伙伴。它似乎不怕人，伸手入缸维护时必须留意鱼的位置和反应。
雌雄区分
雄鱼具有细长生殖乳突。
繁殖
尚无繁殖记录。
补充说明
贸易中经常被误认成爪哇的另一近似种，不能仅凭商家标签判定身份。本种眼间区域轻微隆起，是区分同组近似鱼的重要线索。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Adult size of 50 cm, intense territorial aggression, and a lifespan extending over decades make Hemibagrus spilopterus a demanding long-term commitment. It belongs in public displays or exceptionally large private facilities, with adult housing planned before a juvenile is obtained.
Distribution & habitat
Its range includes the middle and lower Mekong across Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand, plus Vietnam’s Dong Nai and the Bang Pakong, Chao Phraya, and Mae Klong in Thailand. It uses slow or standing water in channels and lakes, entering flooded forest seasonally and returning to main channels around November–December.
Aquarium setup
A very substantial filtration system and a dedicated water-change routine are essential. Dim light is likely preferable, with retreats formed by large wood, rocks, or tubes. Ordinary home aquariums cannot accommodate its adult requirements.
Diet & feeding
Crustaceans and smaller fishes are its principal natural prey, but live prey is unnecessary. Juveniles accept bloodworms, Tubifex, and many dry foods. Adults can receive earthworms, shrimp, mussel, white-fish strips, and substantial sinking pellets. Young fish need relatively protein-rich meals; adults generally need only one or two meals weekly.
Avoid beef heart, chicken, and similar terrestrial meats. Poorly utilized components can contribute to excessive fat storage and organ damage over time.
Behaviour & compatibility
It defends territory aggressively and is normally incompatible with other fish except in the largest public installations; even there, attacks can occur. It also appears unusually unafraid of people, so remain alert to its position and reactions during maintenance.
Sexual dimorphism
Males possess an elongated genital papilla.
Breeding
Reproduction is unrecorded.
Notes
Trade labels have often confused it with a related Javan species. A gently convex space between the eyes is an important distinction from other members of its species group, so a dealer’s name alone is not a reliable identification.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/hemibagrus-spilopterus(抓取于 2026-10-10)
hemibagrus-spilopterus · 文件: data/species/hemibagrus-spilopterus.md · 状态: 草稿