圭亚那裸背电鳗 · Banded Knifefish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Gymnotus carapo |
| 别名 | 圭亞那裸背電鰻 |
| 分类 | 裸背鱼目 Gymnotiformes › 裸背鱼科 Gymnotidae › Gymnotus |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 成体体长 | 60 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 648 L |
| 最小缸长 | 180 cm |
| 特征 | 吃小鱼: 是;对铜敏感: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish gymnotus-carapo;fishbase 10915 |
| 原产地 | 墨西哥、危地马拉、委内瑞拉、苏里南、法属圭亚那、特立尼达和多巴哥、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、巴西、玻利维亚、巴拉圭、乌拉圭、阿根廷 |
| 游动层 | 底层 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
| 繁殖方式 | 口孵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 22–28 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–15 | — | dGH |
概述
圭亚那裸背电鳗（Gymnotus carapo）是大型底栖刀鱼，利用弱电场感知和交流。已有广泛分布记录可能混有近亲，购入时保留产地与身份信息很重要。它对多种药物敏感，尤其含铜制剂，不能按普通混养鱼随意用药。
分布与栖息地
旧记录横跨中南美洲，从墨西哥、危地马拉经南美洲北部和亚马孙地区，一直延到巴拉圭、乌拉圭、阿根廷；这个范围可能因近亲重新识别而收窄。偏爱缓流或静水，似乎倾向浑浊环境，也见于大河深水段，总体为底栖生活。
饲养环境
至少参考 180 × 60 × 60 厘米，越宽敞越好。大型石块、沉木、树根和水草都可提供遮蔽，布置形式并不苛刻，但藏身处要足够。弱光下更活跃，可用柔和照明或浮水植物遮光。
食性与喂食
提供红虫、虾、蚯蚓、颤蚓等活饵或冷冻饵，干饲料通常不接受。不能假定只要放入颗粒，它就会跟其他鱼一起吃到足够食物。
习性与混养
小鱼会被吃掉，足够大空间内可与相近体型鱼混养，但过于活跃或凶猛的伙伴可能让它缩起来不活动。对同种领地意识很强，饲养多尾所需空间极大，通常不宜直接加同伴。
繁殖
野外在雨季繁殖，雄鱼负责口孵，也会筑巢照顾卵和幼鱼。不能把这种护幼行为等同于已有成熟的水族箱繁殖流程。
补充说明
弱电信号不仅用于定位，还帮助寻找同伴与交流。改造的鳔能辅助呼吸，使它适应某些缺氧环境，但不应据此放任水质恶化。含铜药物尤其需要谨慎，暗环境更活跃也不等于只能在夜间进食。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
用药风险
按有效成分禁忌与本物种特征自动判断;物种特征未知时不会命中,不代表安全。
English
Overview
A large bottom-dwelling knifefish, Gymnotus carapo uses a weak electric field for sensing and communication. Its unusually broad recorded range may include related species, making provenance valuable. Sensitivity to aquarium medication, particularly copper, requires care.
Distribution & habitat
Recorded distribution runs from Mexico and Guatemala across northern and central South America to Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina. Reidentification of close relatives may narrow that range. It favors slow or still water, apparently often turbid, and also occurs in deeper main channels as a bottom-dwelling fish.
Aquarium setup
Start with at least 180 by 60 by 60 cm, preferably more. Stones, wood, roots, and plants can all provide useful cover. It is more active under subdued conditions, achieved with low lighting or floating vegetation.
Diet & feeding
Offer live or frozen bloodworms, shrimp, earthworms, and tubificid worms. Dry foods are usually rejected, so do not assume community feeding with pellets meets its needs.
Behaviour & compatibility
Small fish are eaten. Similarly sized companions may work in a large aquarium, but boisterous or aggressive fish can make it withdraw. Strong territoriality toward conspecifics means that multiple specimens require exceptionally large accommodation.
Breeding
Wild breeding occurs in the wet season. Males mouthbrood and also construct a nest associated with protection of eggs and fry. These parental behaviors do not constitute an established aquarium breeding method.
Notes
Weak electrical signals serve both navigation and communication. A modified swim bladder supports accessory breathing in low-oxygen habitat, but does not justify poor water quality. Copper-containing treatments are a particular sensitivity concern.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/gymnotus-carapo(抓取于 2026-10-10)
gymnotus-carapo · 文件: data/species/gymnotus-carapo.md · 状态: 草稿