中华原吸鳅
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Erromyzon sinensis |
| 别名 | 中華原吸鰍、Protomyzon sinensis |
| 分类 | 鲤形目 Cypriniformes › 腹吸鳅科 Gastromyzontidae › Erromyzon |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 中国 |
| 成体体长 | 5.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 68 L |
| 最小缸长 | 75 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 水流偏好 | 高 |
| 特征 | 会跳缸: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish erromyzon-sinensis;fishbase 60402 |
| 游动层 | 底层 |
| 领地性 | 是 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 18–24 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–7.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–10 | — | dGH |
概述
中华原吸鳅（Erromyzon sinensis）是贴近底部石面活动的急流鱼，市场上这个名字可能被用于其他同属种。购买时先核对身份，尤其不能把标作“ER02”的近似鱼及其繁殖成绩直接当成本种。
分布与栖息地
原生中国南部西江水系，确认记录主要在广西的漓江、桂江及贺江水系；广东和湖南分布仍带有推测性。生活于浅、急、富氧的上游和小支流，底床有砂砾、石块及大卵石，受光石面形成丰富生物膜。
饲养环境
底面积至少参考 75 × 30 厘米。以砂砾和大小圆石提供觅食面，强过滤配合增氧造流，每小时循环可参考水体的 10–15 倍。照明要有利于藻膜生长，避免新沉木过度染水；附生植物和外露海绵可增加表面积。只入成熟缸，规律部分换水，保留多数附着物，并严密盖缸防攀爬。
食性与喂食
天然食物可能以藻类及伴生微生物为主。可接受优质干粮和红虫等，但动物蛋白不宜过量；蔬菜、螺旋藻含量较高的凝胶食物可补充。藻面不足时可另培石块轮换，硅藻与软绿藻优于坚硬黑毛藻。消瘦个体先在无竞争环境持续供食。
习性与混养
总体温和，对同种有一定领域意识，同时又适合同伴在场，建议至少四尾。选择适应同样水流和溶氧的鱼，和其他吸鳅可能发生小争执。
雌雄区分
体形较大、较丰满的成熟个体可能是雌鱼，但不能仅凭体形认定。
繁殖
可借鉴同属未定种 Erromyzon sp. “ER02”的水族箱观察作为尝试方向，不应当作本种已经成功繁殖。该近似鱼的雄鱼守卫石面，配对后双方把后半身插入砾石中排卵受精，无后续护幼。试验中较偏好 1.5–3.5 毫米的砾石，鱼苗早期躲在底床并怕光，露面后接受下沉片粮；不同鱼苗成长速度差异明显。
补充说明
本种名称在贸易中常被误用。狭小鳃孔、扁平身体和未融合的腹鳍等特征可参与鉴定，不能只凭一种颜色或销售名称判断。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A bottom-dwelling rapid-water loach, Erromyzon sinensis is often confused in trade with other members of its genus. Identity matters particularly when an ER02 label or breeding claim accompanies fish sold under this name.
Distribution & habitat
Confirmed records are concentrated in Guangxi within the Xi system, especially the Li–Gui and He drainages. Occurrence in Guangdong or Hunan is less certain. Shallow oxygen-rich tributaries and headwaters have mixed rocky substrates supporting extensive biofilm.
Aquarium setup
Use at least a 75 by 30 cm footprint with many smooth rocky surfaces over sand or gravel. Filtration, circulation, and aeration should support the suggested turnover of 10–15 tank volumes per hour. Light encourages grazing growth; heavy staining from fresh wood is undesirable. Plants and accessible sponge surfaces add feeding area. A mature system, regular partial water changes, and a close cover are essential.
Diet & feeding
The probable natural diet consists of algae and associated organisms. Prepared foods and animal prey are accepted, but excessive protein can be problematic. Vegetable-rich gel food and separately cultured grazing rocks help maintain supply. Diatoms and soft green algae are preferable to tough brush algae, and thin arrivals need food without competition.
Behaviour & compatibility
Generally peaceful but somewhat territorial toward conspecifics, it still benefits from a group of at least four. Suitable companions must share its water requirements; minor disputes with other hillstream loaches are possible.
Sexual dimorphism
Larger, fuller-bodied adults may be females, though body shape is not a confirmed standalone sexing method.
Breeding
A captive account for the unidentified congener Erromyzon sp. ER02 offers a possible avenue to explore, not proof of breeding in this species. Males defended rock sites before pairs inserted their rear bodies into gravel to release eggs, without subsequent brood care. Gravel of 1.5–3.5 mm was preferred in that trial. Young initially hid within the substrate and avoided light, later taking sinking tablets with markedly uneven growth.
Notes
Misapplied names are a major practical issue. Small gill openings, a flattened body, and separate pelvic fins contribute to identification, but a sales label or single color trait does not settle it.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/erromyzon-sinensis(抓取于 2026-10-10)
erromyzon-sinensis · 文件: data/species/erromyzon-sinensis.md · 状态: 草稿