点条方头鲀 · Banded Puffer
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Colomesus psittacus |
| 别名 | 點條方頭魨、Tetrodon psittacus、Tetrodon semispinosus |
| 分类 | 鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes › 四齿鲀科 Tetraodontidae › Colomesus |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 巴哈马、巴西、开曼群岛、哥伦比亚、古巴、多米尼加共和国、法属圭亚那、格林纳达、圭亚那、海地、牙买加、波多黎各、苏里南、特立尼达和多巴哥、委内瑞拉 |
| 成体体长 | 29 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 648 L |
| 最小缸长 | 180 cm |
| 群居方式 | 独居 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish colomesus-psittacus;fishbase 7499 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–26 | — | °C |
| pH | 7–9 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 10–25 | — | dGH |
概述
点条方头鲀（Colomesus psittacus）是大型沿岸河豚，背部有六道暗色横带。它主要生活在河口、红树林及近岸咸水环境，长期照顾需要很大空间、汽水条件和强有力的水质管理，不适合当作小型淡水河豚饲养。
分布与栖息地
沿南美洲北岸从哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉经圭亚那地区向南延至巴西东北部，也见于特立尼达和多巴哥及加勒比岛屿。会进入河流下游，主要栖地仍是潮汐水道、浅近岸潟湖及红树林。亚马孙中上游的部分记录可能是近似种误认。
饲养环境
180 × 60 × 60 厘米也只能视为最低起点，长期仍可能不足。根枝可模拟红树林并增加遮蔽，适度水流和溶氧配合强过滤；每周换水 30%–50%，不能容忍有机废物累积。纯淡水长期饲养可能出问题，可用海盐配置比重不低于 1.010 的汽水。新到野采鱼可能较脆弱、易出现白点，需充分隔离观察。
食性与喂食
以软体动物和甲壳类为主，包括藤壶和蟹，长大后捕食更灵活的猎物，干季可能更多吃蟹。人工可提供适口蟹足、贝类、贻贝和虾等，保留壳质食物以磨耗不断生长的喙状齿板。
习性与混养
幼鱼在野外似乎松散聚集，但缸内空间有限时很可能出现攻击行为。只有极大型系统才可能缓和这种限制，不能据幼鱼聚集就认定适合常规群养。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
A large coastal puffer with six dark dorsal bands, Colomesus psittacus is primarily associated with estuaries and mangroves. Long-term care requires substantial space, brackish conditions, and meticulous water quality, making it a demanding choice despite its occasional presence in trade.
Distribution & habitat
The range follows the northern South American coast east from Colombia and Venezuela, then south through the Guianas to northeastern Brazil, with Caribbean island records as well. It enters lower river basins but mainly occupies tidal channels, shallow coastal lagoons, and mangroves. Some upper and middle Amazon records appear to involve misidentified relatives.
Aquarium setup
Even a 180 by 60 by 60 cm aquarium is only a starting minimum and may be inadequate long term. Branching wood can mimic mangrove cover. Maintain moderate circulation and oxygenation with effective filtration and weekly 30–50% water changes. Pure freshwater can cause problems; the suggested marine-salt addition gives a specific gravity of at least 1.010. Recently imported wild fish may be delicate and vulnerable to ich, making an extended quarantine useful.
Diet & feeding
Natural feeding is predominantly carnivorous, centered on mollusks and crustaceans such as barnacles and crabs. More mobile prey are taken with growth, and crab consumption may increase in drier periods. Offer suitable crab legs, shellfish, mussels, and prawns, including hard-shelled items to wear the continuously growing plates.
Behaviour & compatibility
Juveniles apparently associate loosely in nature, but aggression is likely under aquarium confinement. Very large systems may reduce that limitation; juvenile grouping does not establish suitability for routine group housing.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/colomesus-psittacus(抓取于 2026-10-10)
colomesus-psittacus · 文件: data/species/colomesus-psittacus.md · 状态: 草稿