斯氏鳢 · Assamese Snakehead
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Channa stewartii |
| 别名 | 斯氏鱧、Ophiocephalus stewartii |
| 分类 | 攀鲈目 Anabantiformes › 鳢科 Channidae › Channa |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 孟加拉国、不丹、印度、缅甸、尼泊尔 |
| 成体体长 | 29.7 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 243 L |
| 最小缸长 | 120 cm |
| 群居方式 | 成对 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish channa-stewartii;fishbase 13591 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 特征 | 会跳缸: 是 |
| 性情 | 攻击性 |
| 繁殖方式 | 口孵 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 16–25 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–8 | — | — |
概述
斯氏鳢（Channa stewartii）来自南亚季风区，饲养需要夏暖冬凉的季节变化，并妥善管理同种攻击。它适合单尾或已配成的一对独缸，雄鱼承担口孵，不能把其他鳢类的护卵方式直接套用。
分布与栖息地
记录涉及印度和孟加拉国的布拉马普特拉河流域，以及从尼泊尔南部向东的恒河流域。不丹与缅甸也有列举记录，但缅甸具体地点未明确。
可出现于溪流和池塘等流水、静水环境。产区具有温暖湿润夏季和凉爽干燥冬季，饲养季节安排可与之相应。
饲养环境
用岩石、沉木、水草和浮水植物形成大量洞隙，打断鱼之间的直线视野。任何缝隙都可能成为逃出口，缸盖须严密，盖下仍要有可接触的湿润空气层。
夏季可约为 24—25 °C，冬季约为 16—18 °C，不应全年都维持夏季高温。
食性与喂食
属于捕食性鱼类，可提供活饵或冷冻动物性食物，如蚯蚓、虾和鱼肉。对干饲料有拒食记录，不能把能否吃颗粒作为已经适应的前提。
习性与混养
对同种有明显攻击性，优先单尾或配对独缸。可从幼鱼群中自然形成配对，一旦两鱼成对，就要移走其他个体，避免被攻击。
雌雄区分
雌鱼通常比雄鱼色彩稍暗淡、偏黄，但应结合成熟状态观察。
繁殖
由雄鱼口孵。有一例缸内记录在 18 °C 时含卵十天后释放幼鱼；这只是特定条件下的观察，不代表所有个体都会严格按十天结束。
部分近缘鳢类的雌鱼会以未受精卵喂幼鱼，但尚无可据此确认本种也如此的记述。
补充说明
它所属的类群物种边界仍需厘清，历史标本甚至混入不同物种。实际来源值得保留，不能只依外形相近就混合不同繁育群。上浮呼吸空气是其正常需要，水面通道应始终畅通。
English
Overview
From South Asia's monsoon region, Channa stewartii needs seasonal cooling and careful management of conspecific aggression. A single fish or an established pair in dedicated housing is preferable. Males mouthbrood, so breeding behavior should not be assumed from other snakeheads' egg-guarding strategies.
Distribution & habitat
Records cover the Brahmaputra basin in India and Bangladesh and the Ganges basin from southern Nepal eastward. Bhutan and Myanmar are also listed, although a specific Myanmar locality is not supplied.
Both flowing and standing waters are occupied, including streams and ponds. A warm wet summer and cool dry winter characterize the region and guide seasonal aquarium conditions.
Aquarium setup
Arrange rocks, wood, plants, and floating cover to create numerous caves and interrupt lines of sight. Any opening can permit escape, so fit the cover closely while retaining accessible humid air above the water.
A summer phase around 24–25 °C and winter phase around 16–18 °C reflect the described captive regime. Summer warmth should not be maintained unchanged throughout the year.
Diet & feeding
A predator, it accepts animal foods such as earthworms, shrimp, and fish pieces, offered live or frozen as appropriate. Dry-food refusal has been reported, so pellet acceptance should not be assumed.
Behaviour & compatibility
Aggression toward its own kind favors solitary or paired accommodation in a dedicated aquarium. A juvenile group can select partners naturally, but remove the remaining fish once a pair forms to prevent attacks.
Sexual dimorphism
Females generally show slightly duller, more yellowish coloration than males. Assess this tendency in mature fish rather than treating color alone as decisive.
Breeding
Males carry the eggs in their mouths. One aquarium account recorded release of the young after ten days at 18 °C; this describes a particular event, not an invariant schedule.
Females of some related snakeheads feed young with unfertilized eggs, but that behavior is not confirmed for this species in the account.
Notes
Species boundaries within the wider group require further work, and even historical specimens included more than one species. Keep locality information instead of combining breeding stocks solely because they look similar. Unobstructed access to the surface remains necessary for air breathing.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/channa-stewartii(抓取于 2026-10-10)
channa-stewartii · 文件: data/species/channa-stewartii.md · 状态: 草稿