Channa diplogramma · Malabar Snakehead
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Channa diplogramma |
| 别名 | Ophiocephalus diplogramma |
| 分类 | 攀鲈目 Anabantiformes › 鳢科 Channidae › Channa |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 印度 |
| 成体体长 | 48 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 群居方式 | 成对 |
| 特征 | 会跳缸: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish channa-diplogramma;fishbase 55109 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 性情 | 攻击性 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 22–32 | — | °C |
| pH | 6–8 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 2–20 | — | dGH |
概述
Channa diplogramma 是来自印度西高止山南部的大型鳢类，与许多喜欢隐蔽贴底的近亲不同，它更多利用开阔水域，需要大量游动空间。幼鱼鲜艳的纵纹会逐步消失，不能按幼鱼外形和暂时温和的群体表现规划终身饲养。
分布与栖息地
原生于印度喀拉拉邦和泰米尔纳德邦的西高止山南部。喀拉拉记录包括 Meenachil、Manimala、Pampa、Achenkovil 及 Kallada，泰米尔纳德记录有 Chittar 和 Tambraparni 水系；模式地为今天的 Kochi。
饲养环境
只适合公共展示设施或规模极大的私人水族系统，布置时应把大片游动空间放在优先位置。浮水植物、上方垂枝或局部水面遮蔽可增加安全感，但不能用密集造景占满活动区域。
必须使用严密缸盖防逃，并在水面上方留湿润空气层和上浮换气通路。它能吸取空气，不等于只在水面生活，也不能据此缩减所需水体和游动空间。
食性与喂食
它是专性捕食者，野外可能吃小鱼、两栖动物和陆生昆虫。多数个体能适应非活体食物，幼鱼可用红虫、小蚯蚓和碎虾，成鱼可轮换鱼肉条、整虾和贝肉。部分个体接受干粮，但不宜作主食。
不要喂牛心、鸡肉等禽畜肉，普通活饲料鱼也没有额外必要，反而可能带入寄生虫和病原。供食应随鱼体大小调整，避免因幼时容易开口就长期使用单一饵料。
习性与混养
以专养缸为宜。幼鱼和亚成鱼彼此相对温和，达到性成熟后会变得具有攻击性，因此不能把幼鱼群体相容视为成年后的保证。
补充说明
本种曾长期被当作小盾鳢（Channa micropeltes）的同物异名，2011 年重新确认独立地位，侧线鳞数量多是重要鉴别线索。
幼鱼头部和身体有两条黑色纵纹，其间及上方带橙色。成长后橙色渐褪，纵纹消失，灰色身体上出现黑斑，随后斑块扩大融合，体侧上部出现四至六块白斑。大成鱼腹部偏白，头部、背部和尾鳍紫黑，背鳍及臀鳍有细灰边。不同成长阶段外观差异很大，身份核对应结合来源。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
Channa diplogramma is a large snakehead from the southern Western Ghats of India. Unlike many shelter-oriented relatives, it uses open water and needs extensive swimming room. Bright juvenile stripes and temporarily peaceful group behavior do not describe its adult housing requirements.
Distribution & habitat
The native range covers southern Western Ghats drainages in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Kerala records include the Meenachil, Manimala, Pampa, Achenkovil, and Kallada; Tamil Nadu records include the Chittar and Tambraparni. The type locality corresponds to present-day Kochi.
Aquarium setup
Only public displays or exceptionally large private systems are appropriate. Keep broad swimming areas as the main design priority. Floating plants, overhanging branches, or partial surface cover provide security without filling the entire water column with decoration.
Use a secure lid, leaving humid air above the water and unobstructed access to breathe. Atmospheric breathing does not mean the fish lives only at the surface or needs less swimming space.
Diet & feeding
An obligate predator, it probably consumes smaller fishes, amphibians, and terrestrial insects in nature. Most individuals adapt to nonliving food. Juveniles can take bloodworms, small earthworms, and chopped shrimp, while adults accept varied fish strips, whole shrimp, and mussels. Dry food is accepted by some but should not be the staple.
Avoid beef heart, chicken, and other mammalian or bird meat. Routine feeder fish offer no necessary advantage and can introduce parasites or pathogens. Adjust food size as fish grow and retain variety instead of continuing a single easy juvenile food indefinitely.
Behaviour & compatibility
A dedicated aquarium is preferable. Juveniles and subadults are relatively peaceful together, but aggression develops at sexual maturity. Early group compatibility is not a guarantee for adult fish.
Notes
Long treated as a synonym of Channa micropeltes, it was restored as a distinct species in 2011. Its unusually numerous lateral-line scales are an important identification clue.
Juveniles have two black longitudinal stripes with orange between and above them. Orange fades during growth, the stripes disappear, and dark spots develop on a grayish body. These enlarge and merge, while four to six white upper-flank patches emerge. Large adults have a pale belly, purple-black head, back, and tail, and narrow gray borders on the dorsal and anal fins. Appearance changes enough that provenance matters when comparing different ages.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/channa-diplogramma(抓取于 2026-10-10)
channa-diplogramma · 文件: data/species/channa-diplogramma.md · 状态: 草稿