飞脂鲤 · Marbled Hatchetfish
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Carnegiella strigata |
| 别名 | 细飞脂鲤、飛脂鯉、細飛脂鯉、Gasteropelecus strigatus、Gasteropelecus fasciatus、Carnegiella strigata vesca、Carnegiella strigata marowini、Carnegiella strigata surinamensis |
| 分类 | 脂鲤目 Characiformes › 胸斧脂鲤科 Gasteropelecidae › Carnegiella |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 玻利维亚、巴西、哥伦比亚、圭亚那、秘鲁、苏里南、委内瑞拉 |
| 成体体长 | 3.5 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 入门 |
| 最小水体 | 68 L |
| 最小缸长 | 75 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 特征 | 会跳缸: 是 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish carnegiella-strigata;fishbase 10736 |
| 食性 | 肉食 |
| 游动层 | 上层 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–28 | — | °C |
| pH | 4–7 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 1–10 | — | dGH |
概述
飞脂鲤（Carnegiella strigata）具有醒目的深浅大理石纹，侧线下方可见斜向条带。它温和而胆怯，主要停留水面，适合有浮水遮蔽和充足同伴的安静鱼缸。
分布与栖息地
传统分布包括玻利维亚、巴西、秘鲁、哥伦比亚的亚马孙水系，委内瑞拉奥里诺科河，以及圭亚那和苏里南的部分沿海河流。但不同种群的遗传差异使这一广泛范围仍有疑问。
似乎主要限于黑水环境，利用枝根、落叶丰富且岸边植被垂覆的森林溪流与淹水林。雨季进入被淹没的森林觅食和繁殖，退水后返回支流。
饲养环境
水面面积至少约 75 × 30 cm。密植水草和浮水植物斑块形成安全感，深色底床、沉木与干落叶可增加自然结构，也给微生物提供附着与生长机会。
水流轻至中等，保留水面泳道，并用贴合缸盖防止受惊跃出。
食性与喂食
自然主要捕食水面附近的陆生和水生无脊椎动物及浮游动物。除适口干粮，定期搭配丰年虾无节幼体、水蚤、小型蠕虫等活饵或冷冻饵。
小蟋蟀、果蝇也可供食，先让饵虫吃鱼食或植物材料再投喂。
习性与混养
理想至少十尾，有足够同伴时更大胆，个体间冲突也能分散。可与相近大小的温和脂鲤、小型底栖鲶鱼共同生活；需求合适时也可作短鲷的陪游鱼。
它不会主动追捕鱼苗，但仍应按伙伴体形和行为评估，不适合与强势活跃鱼随意组合。
雌雄区分
体形较大而圆润的个体可能为成熟雌鱼，这一外观差别仍需保留不确定性。
补充说明
可靠的缸内繁殖记录尚缺。不同产地的体高、臀鳍条数和花纹有差异，过去命名过多种形式，遗传研究也提示隐藏的不同谱系，不能仅靠 V 形或 Y 形斑纹确定身份。
斧头鱼可有力跃出水面，但不会在空中持续拍鳍飞行。即便日常少见跳跃，也不能因此省略防跳设施。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
The dark-and-light marbling of Carnegiella strigata forms diagonal bands below the lateral line. This peaceful, timid hatchetfish lives mainly near the surface and benefits from floating shelter and ample conspecific company.
Distribution & habitat
The conventional range includes Amazonian Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Colombia, Venezuela's Orinoco, and coastal rivers of Guyana and Suriname. Genetic differences among populations leave the full extent open to question.
It appears closely restricted to blackwater forest streams and seasonally flooded woodland, with overhanging plants, roots, branches, and litter. Floods permit entry into forest for feeding and reproduction before fish return to tributaries as water recedes.
Aquarium setup
Provide at least about 75 × 30 cm of surface area. Dense plants and patches of floating cover offer security, while dark substrate, wood, and dry leaves add structure and support microorganisms.
Keep circulation gentle to moderate, leave surface swimming lanes, and fit the lid closely against startled jumps.
Diet & feeding
Natural prey includes terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and zooplankton at the surface. Supplement suitable dry foods with regular brine-shrimp nauplii, water fleas, small worms, and other live or frozen items.
Small crickets and fruit flies are also useful after being fed fish food or plant material themselves.
Behaviour & compatibility
Aim for at least ten. A larger group encourages confidence and distributes minor disputes. Similar-sized placid characins and small bottom catfishes are possible companions. With matching conditions it can serve as a dither fish for dwarf cichlids.
It does not actively hunt fry, but this observation is not a blanket guarantee for all small companions. Boisterous communities are unsuitable.
Sexual dimorphism
Larger, rounder specimens are presumed to be mature females, rather than identified by a fully reliable external character.
Notes
Reliable aquarium breeding records are lacking. Populations vary in body depth, anal-fin rays, and markings, and genetic work indicates hidden lineages. A V- or Y-shaped pattern alone does not establish identity.
Hatchetfishes can leap powerfully but do not maintain flight by beating their fins in the air. Infrequent observed jumping does not remove the need for a secure top.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/carnegiella-strigata(抓取于 2026-10-10)
carnegiella-strigata · 文件: data/species/carnegiella-strigata.md · 状态: 草稿