韦氏双耳丽鲷 · Orinoco Eartheater
概要
| 字段 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 类别 | 鱼 |
| 学名 | Biotodoma wavrini |
| 别名 | 韋氏雙耳麗鯛、Geophagus wavrini |
| 分类 | 慈鲷目 Cichliformes › 慈鲷科 Cichlidae › Biotodoma |
| 水体 | 淡水 |
| 原产地 | 巴西、哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉 |
| 成体体长 | 10 cm |
| 饲养难度 | 中等 |
| 最小水体 | 304 L |
| 最小缸长 | 150 cm |
| 群居方式 | 群游 |
| 性情 | 温和 |
| 外部数据 | seriouslyfish biotodoma-wavrini;fishbase 12292 |
水质参数
| 参数 | 耐受范围 | 最适范围 | 单位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 水温 | 20–30 | — | °C |
| pH | 4–6.5 | — | — |
| 总硬度 | 1–5 | — | dGH |
概述
韦氏双耳丽鲷（Biotodoma wavrini）体形较修长，后半体侧黑斑位于上侧线上或其下方。平时温和但繁殖时可能护区，饲养重点是足够同伴、柔软细沙和持续洁净的软水环境。
分布与栖息地
原产巴西、哥伦比亚与委内瑞拉的尼格罗河中上游、卡西基亚雷及奥里诺科河系。委内瑞拉一处典型环境是低营养黑水河及相连潟湖、洪泛湖，后两者水流更缓、落叶更多，浮游动物密度也更高。
饲养环境
底面至少 150 × 45 厘米，以细沙作为底砂，配弱光、沉木和零散根枝，可放少量平滑石块。不能进入未成熟新缸；成熟强效过滤配每周约 50%～70% 换水，控制积污。机械过滤应截住扬起颗粒，避免砂粒损坏泵；维护或喂食不足可造成生长和头部、侧线健康问题。
食性与喂食
提供多样细粒干粮、小型活饵与冷冻饵料，部分干粮含较多植物成分；混合鱼粮、贝肉、果蔬的凝胶食物也是选择。每天分 3～4 次小量喂食，有助自然采食。
习性与混养
至少 5～8 条较合适，群体内会出现等级，过少时弱鱼容易成为集中攻击目标或全群紧张。温和伙伴可考虑，但避免好斗、领地强或需要硬水的鱼。
雌雄区分
尚未确认可靠差异，雄鱼据称可能较大，鳍也稍长。
繁殖
家养繁殖可能尚未有记录，预计可能采用近缘种的双亲基面产卵护幼方式，但不能把这一推测作为已经证实的繁殖流程。
补充说明
贸易中会附不同河流或采集地名称，保留这些标签有助追踪种群来源。
图片
图片来自 SeriouslyFish,版权归各摄影者所有。
English
Overview
An elongated body and a dark flank mark on or below the upper lateral line help identify Biotodoma wavrini. This usually peaceful cichlid benefits from social company, soft sand and consistently clean water, with breeding behavior requiring additional consideration.
Distribution & habitat
Native records lie in the middle and upper Negro, Casiquiare and Orinoco systems. A documented Venezuelan blackwater habitat includes a river channel linked to lagoons and floodplain lakes, where slower flow allows more leaves and plankton to accumulate.
Aquarium setup
Use at least a 150 by 45 cm footprint with fine sand and shaded woodwork. Introduce fish only to established filtration and maintain regular large weekly water changes. Mechanical media should capture stirred-up particles before sand wears or blocks equipment. Poor maintenance or diet can contribute to stunting and head or lateral-line problems.
Diet & feeding
Combine fine prepared foods with small live or frozen prey and plant-containing feeds. Mixed gel foods can add variety. Divide the daily allowance into three or four small meals.
Behaviour & compatibility
Maintain five to eight or more. A small hierarchy forms, while insufficient numbers may leave weaker fish under persistent pressure. Choose peaceful companions with matching water requirements, avoiding aggressive or hard-water specialists.
Sexual dimorphism
Sexual differences remain unconfirmed; males are reportedly larger with somewhat longer fins.
Breeding
Aquarium breeding may remain unrecorded. Biparental substrate spawning is presumed by comparison with a close relative, rather than demonstrated as a complete captive breeding method for this species.
Notes
Keep collecting-locality labels attached to stock because several named populations occur in trade.
来源
- https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/biotodoma-wavrini(抓取于 2026-10-10)
biotodoma-wavrini · 文件: data/species/biotodoma-wavrini.md · 状态: 草稿