塘搏鱼

Overview

The limestone-water betta Betta simplex differs from many peat-swamp relatives in its neutral to alkaline habitat. This paternal mouthbrooder still benefits from shade, surface cover, quiet refuges, and a securely covered aquarium.

Distribution & habitat

It is known only from Krabi in southern Thailand. At the type locality, deep limestone sinkholes connect with surface pools and an overflow ditch. Dissolved calcium carbonate contributes to the clear blue-green water. Fish are particularly common in the ditch, where seasonal drying leaves shallow remnants; dense marginal plants surround it, while aquatic vegetation is concentrated in the pools.

A population near Ao Luek occupies a clear stream with limestone rocks, gravel, and overhanging plants. It has been sold as “type 2.”

Aquarium setup

A footprint of approximately 60 × 30 cm or more suits a pair or small group. Dense planting, shade, and surface cover are valuable. Tall stems, floating plants, or lilies can be combined with wood bearing shade-tolerant growth. Pots and tubes add shelter. Dried leaves offer cover and microbial food for fry.

Maintain the neutral to mildly alkaline conditions appropriate to this species. Avoid strong circulation; gentle sponge filtration is adequate. Leave humid air beneath a secure lid for breathing and to prevent jumping.

Diet & feeding

Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates are likely natural foods. Dry products are usually learned, but regular small live or frozen Daphnia, Artemia, and bloodworms should be included. Avoid overfeeding.

Behaviour & compatibility

Pairs and groups are possible because it is not among the more aggressive bettas. A dedicated tank remains preferable; companions must be very peaceful and environmentally compatible rather than selected for a generic community.

Sexual dimorphism

Males grow larger, with wider heads, more head iridescence, and extended fins.

Breeding

Use a separate breeding aquarium where practical. A close-fitting lid retains warm, humid air needed for labyrinth development. Long courtship may include unproductive embraces. Eggs from successful embraces rest on the male's anal fin, are picked up by the female, and are spat into the water for him to collect. This repeats until he holds the clutch.

A stressed or inexperienced male may swallow eggs or release them early. Leaving the female and existing companions undisturbed is generally preferable to capture. Incubation takes about 9–16 days. The adults apparently spare the released fry, and some keepers report quicker growth when young remain with them.

Offer microworms and Artemia nauplii from release, avoiding excessive dependence on Artemia. Make small water changes regularly.

Notes

Green-blue gill-cover scales contrast with a dark reddish head and paler reddish body and fins. Males lack body iridescence. Retain locality labels alongside the species name to distinguish collection populations.